Abstract
The Taguchi method of experimental design is very well suited to improving the production process of synthetic nanoparticles. The current application of the Taguchi method was successful in optimizing the experimental parameters affect on synthesis procedure of silver chromate nanoparticles. Ultrafine silver chromate particles were synthesied by precipitation method using addition of silver ion solution to the chromate reagent. The effect of reaction conditions such as: silver and chromate concentrations, flow rate of reagent addition and temperature on the particle size of synthesized silver chromate particles were investigated. The effect of these factors on the diameter of silver chromate particles were quantitavely evaluated by the analysis of variance (ANOVA). The results showed that silver chromate particles can be synthesized by controlling silver concentration, flow rate and temperature. Finally, the optimum conditions for synthesis of silver chromate particles by this simple and fast method were proposed. The results of ANOVA showed that 0.001 mol/l silver ion concentration, 40 ml/min flow rate for addition of silver reagent to the chromate solution and 0°C temperature are optimum conditions for producing silver chromate particles with 100 ± 33 nm width. On the other hand, the Ag2CrO4 nano-superstructures were synthesized by electrosynthesis method. The results showed that Ag2CrO4 nanoparticles synthesized by this method have 75 nm average diameter.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Martin, C.R., Nanomaterials: A Membrane-Based Synthetic Approach, Science, 1994, vol. 266, no. 5193, pp. 1961–1966.
Huber, C.A., Huber, T.E., Sadoqi, M., et al. Nanowire Array Composites, Science, 1994, vol. 263, no. 5148, pp. 800–802.
Alivisatos, A.P., Semiconductor Clusters, Nanocrystals, and Quantum Dots, Science, 1996, vol. 271, no. 5251, pp. 933–937.
Cui, Y. and Lieber, C.M. Functional Nanoscale Electronic Devices Assembled Using Silicon Nanowire Building Blocks, Science, 2001, vol. 291, no. 5505, pp. 851–853.
Lieber, C.M., One-Dimensional Nanostructures: Chemistry, Physics & Applications, Solid State Commun., 1998, vol. 107, no. 11, pp. 607–616.
Li, Z.Y., Young, N.P., Di Vece, M., et al. Three-Dimensional Atomic-Scale Structure of Size-Selected Gold Nanoclusters, Nature, 1999, vol. 451, no. 7174, pp. 46–48.
Hu, J., Odom, T.W., and Lieber, C.M., Chemistry and Physics in One Dimension: Synthesis and Properties of Nanowires and Nanotubes, Acc. Chem. Res., 1999, vol. 32, no. 5, pp. 435–445.
Gomathi, A., Sundaresan, A., and Rao, C.N.R., Nanoparticles of Superconducting γ-Mo2N and δ-MoN, J. Solid State Chem., 2007, vol. 180, no. 1, pp. 291–295.
Rao, C.N.R. and Nath, M., Inorganic Nanotubes, Dalton Trans., 2003, vol. 1, no. 3, pp. 1–24.
Xia, Y.N., Yang, P.D., Sun, Y.G., et al., One-Dimensional Nanostructures: Synthesis, Characterization, and Applications, Adv. Mater., 2003, vol. 15, no. 5, pp. 353–389.
Wang, Y. and Wu, K., As a Whole: Crystalline Zinc Aluminate Nanotube Array_Nanonet, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 2005, vol. 127, no. 27, pp. 9686–9687.
Wu, G.S., Zhang, L.D., Cheng, B.C. et al., Synthesis of Eu2O3 Nanotube Arrays through a Facile Sol-Gel Template Approach, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 2004, vol. 126, no. 19, pp. 5976–5977.
Roy, R.K., A Primer on the Taguchi Method, N.Y., Van Nostrand Reinhold, 1990.
Taguchi, G., Systems of Experimental Design, vol. 1, 2, N.Y., Kraus, 1987.
Ross, P.J., Taguchi Techniques for Quality Engineering, N.Y., McGraw-Hill, 1988.
Pourmortazavi, S.M., Hajimirsadeghi, S.S., Kohsari, I., and Hosseini S.G. Orthogonal Array Design for the Optimization of Supercritical Carbon Dioxide Extraction of Different Metals from a Solid Matrix with Cyanex 301 as a Ligand, J. Chem. Eng. Data, 2004, vol. 49, no. 6, pp. 1530–1534.
Hosseini, S.G., Pourmortazavi, S.M., Fathollahi M. Orthogonal Array Design for the Optimization of Silver Recovery from Waste Photographic Paper, Sep. Sci. Technol., 2004, vol. 39, no. 8, pp. 1953–1965.
Brunetti, V., Villullas, H.M., Lo’pez Teijelo, M., Potentiodynamic Growth of Anodic Silver Chromate Layers, Electrochim. Acta, 1999, vol. 44, no. 26, pp. 4693–4700.
Sinko, J., Challenges of Chromate Inhibitor Pigments Replacement in Organic Coatings, Prog. Org. Coat., 2001, vol. 42, nos. 3, 4. pp. 267–282.
Xiang, J.H., Yu, S.H., and Xu, Z.L., Polymorph and Phase Discrimination of Lead Chromate Pigments by a Facile Room Temperature Precipitation Reaction, Cryst. Growth. Des., 2004, vol. 4, no. 6, pp. 1311–1315.
Liu, J.K., Luo, C.X., and Quan, N.J., Preparation and Optical Properties of Silver Chromate Self_Assembly Necklace Structures, J. Nanopart. Res., 2008, vol. 10, no. 3, pp. 531–535.
Tai, C.Y., Tai, C.T., and Liu, H.S., Synthesis of Submicron Barium Carbonate Using a High-Gravity Technique, Chem. Eng. Sci., 2006, vol. 61, no. 22, pp. 7479–7486.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Additional information
The article is published in the original.
An erratum to this article is available at http://dx.doi.org/10.1134/S0020168510060221.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Alamdari, R.F., Hajimirsadeghi, S.S. & Kohsari, I. Synthesis of silver chromate nanoparticles: Parameter optimization using Taguchi design. Inorg Mater 46, 60–64 (2010). https://doi.org/10.1134/S0020168510010140
Received:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1134/S0020168510010140