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Ethanol to Butanol Conversion over Bifunctional Zeotype Catalysts Containing Palladium and Zirconium

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Abstract

A study of the kinetics of ethanol conversion in the presence of Zr-containing zeolites BEA doped with palladium particles has revealed the order of formation of the main reaction products. It has been shown that the primary processes are ethanol dehydrogenation to acetaldehyde on Pd sites and ethanol dehydration to diethyl ether on the acid sites of the catalyst. After that, acetaldehyde undergoes the aldol–croton condensation reaction to form crotonal, which is hydrogenated to butanol on the metal sites. Butanol, in turn, is dehydrated into butenes, which undergo hydrogenation to butane. The presence of hydrogen in the gas phase leads to the displacement of ethanol from the metal surface and prevents the formation of surface carbonates and acetates. It has been found that hydrogen significantly accelerates ethanol dehydration owing to a decrease in the activation energy, which can be attributed to hydrogen spillover to the zeolite. The addition of water inhibits all acid-catalyzed reactions owing to competitive adsorption on acid sites and thereby decreases the butanol yield and the ethanol conversion.

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ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

The electron microscopy studies were conducted using the equipment of the Center for collective use of Crystallography and Photonics Federal Research Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences under the state task to Crystallography and Photonics Federal Research Center.

Funding

This work was supported by the Russian Foundation for Basic Research, project no. 18-33-01011.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Faculty of Chemistry, Moscow State University, 119991, Moscow, Russia

    P. A. Kots, A. V. Zabilska & I. I. Ivanova

  2. Crystallography and Photonics Federal Research Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, 19333, Moscow, Russia

    Yu. V. Grigor’ev

Authors
  1. P. A. Kots
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  2. A. V. Zabilska
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  3. Yu. V. Grigor’ev
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  4. I. I. Ivanova
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to P. A. Kots.

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Translated by M. Timoshinina

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Kots, P.A., Zabilska, A.V., Grigor’ev, Y.V. et al. Ethanol to Butanol Conversion over Bifunctional Zeotype Catalysts Containing Palladium and Zirconium. Pet. Chem. 59, 925–934 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1134/S0965544119080097

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