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Low-temperature synthesis of nanodispersed titanium, zirconium, and hafnium carbides

  • Synthesis and Properties of Inorganic Compounds
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Abstract

Nanosized refractory titanium, zirconium, and hafnium carbides were manufactured from highly dispersed metal dioxide-carbon starting mixtures at moderate temperatures of 1200°C or lower. The products were characterized by powder X-ray diffraction, elemental analysis, and transmission electron microscopy. The average size of particles (in nanometers) manufactured at 1200°C was as follows: for TiC, 13 ± 4; for ZrC, 17 ± 3; and for HfC, 16 ± 3; the average crystallite size (in nanometers) was as follows: for TiC, 8 ± 2; for ZrC, 5 ± 2; and for HfC, 8 ± 3. Thermodynamic modeling was performed for the synthesis of Group IVB carbides via carbothermal reduction of the corresponding oxides. The results show that in the titanium dioxide-carbon system, for example, titanium monocarbide formation is possible at a temperature as low as 850°C (p = 10−4 MPa). Highly dispersed metal dioxide-carbon starting mixtures were prepared using solgel technology from metal alkoxyacetylacetonates in the presence of a polymeric carbon source.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Kurnakov Institute of General and Inorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninskii pr. 31, Moscow, 119991, Russia

    V. G. Sevastyanov, E. P. Simonenko, N. A. Ignatov & N. T. Kuznetsov

  2. Lomonosov State Academy of Fine Chemical Technology, pr. Vernadskogo 86, Moscow, 117571, Russia

    V. G. Sevastyanov, E. P. Simonenko & N. P. Simonenko

  3. Institute for Thermophysics of Extreme States, Joint Institute for High Pressures, Russian Academy of Sciences, Izhorskaya ul. 13/19, Moscow, 127412, Russia

    Yu. S. Ezhov

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  1. V. G. Sevastyanov
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  3. N. A. Ignatov
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  4. Yu. S. Ezhov
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  6. N. T. Kuznetsov
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Correspondence to V. G. Sevastyanov.

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Original Russian Text © V.G. Sevastyanov, E.P. Simonenko, N.A. Ignatov, Yu.S. Ezhov, N.P. Simonenko, N.T. Kuznetsov, 2011, published in Zhurnal Neorganicheskoi Khimii, 2011, Vol. 56, No. 5, pp. 707–719.

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Sevastyanov, V.G., Simonenko, E.P., Ignatov, N.A. et al. Low-temperature synthesis of nanodispersed titanium, zirconium, and hafnium carbides. Russ. J. Inorg. Chem. 56, 661–672 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1134/S0036023611050214

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