Abstract
Hydrous species and the amount of water (OH− ions and crystal hydrate H2O) in structures of nominally anhydrous rock-forming minerals (olivine, ortho- and clinopyroxenes) were studied with Fourier spectroscopy in peridotite nodules (19 samples) from Cenozoic alkali basalts of the Baikal-Mongolia region (Dariganga Plateau, Taryat Depression, and Vitim Plateau). Single-crystal samples oriented relative to the crystallographic axes of minerals were examined with an FTIR spectrometer equipped with an IR microscope at the points of platelets free from fluid inclusions. FTIR spectra were measured in regions of stretching vibrations of OH− and H2O (3800–3000 cm−1) and deformation vibrations of H2O (1850–1450 cm−1). The water content in mineral structures was determined from integral intensities. To estimate the conditions of entrapment and loss of structural water in minerals, their chemical composition, including Fe2+ and Fe3+ contents, was determined with an electron microprobe analysis and Mössbauer spectroscopy. The bulk chemical composition of some nodules was determined with XRF and ICP MS. The total water content (OH− + H2O) varies from 150 to 1140 ppm in olivines, from 45 to 870 ppm in clinopyroxenes, and from 40 to 1100 ppm in orthopyroxenes. Both water species in the mineral structures are retained down to a depth of 150–160 km in wide temperature and pressure ranges (1100–1500 °C, 32–47 kbar) at the oxygen fugacity of −1.4 to −0.1 log units relative to that of the quartz-fayalite-magnetite buffer.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
D. Asimov, L. S. Stein, J. L. Mosenfelder, and G. R. Rossman, “Quantitative Polarized Infrared Analysis of Trace OH in Populations of Randomly Oriented Mineral Grains,” Am. Miner. 91, 278–284 (2006).
M. S. Babushkina, L. Nikitina, N. O. Ovchinnikov, et al., “Composition and Structure of Phlogopite from Lamproites of Kostomuksha,” Zap. Vseross. Mineral. O-va 126(2), 71–84 (1997)
M. S. Babushkina, L. Nikitina, N. O. Ovchinnikov, et al., “Long- and Short-Range Ordering of Cations in Structures of Potassium Amphiboles (Mössbauer and Infrared Spectroscopy),” Zap. Vseross. Mineral. O-va 134(3), 105–130 (2005).
Q. Bai and D. L. Kohlstedt, “Substantial Hydrogen Solubility in Olivine and Implication for Water in the Mantle,” Nature 357, 672–674 (1992).
D. R. Bell and G. R. Rossman, “The Distribution of Hydroxyl in Garnets from the Subcontinental Mantle of Southern Africa,” Contrib. Miner. Petrol. 111, 161–178 (1992a).
D. R. Bell and G. R. Rossman, “Water in Earth’s Mantle: The Role of Nominally Anhydrous Minerals,” Science 255, 1391–1397 (1992b).
D. R. Bell and G. R. Rossman, “Hydroxide in Olivine: A Quantitative Determination of the Absolute Amount and Calibration of the IR Spectrum,” J. Geophys. Res. 108(B2), 1–9 (2003).
D. R. Bell, G. R. Rossman, J. Maldener, D. Endish, and F. Rauch, “Hydroxide in Olivine: A Quantitative Determination of the Absolute Amount and Calibration of the IR Spectrum,” Am. Miner. 89, 998–1003 (2004).
D. R. Bell, D. Ihinger, and G. R. Rossman, “Quantitative Analysis of Trace OH in Garnet and Pyroxenes,” Am. Miner. 80, 465–474 (1995).
J. Chen, T. Inoue, D. J. Weiner, Y. Wu, and T. Vaughan, “Strength and Water Weakening of Mantle Minerals, Olivine, Wadsleyite, and Ringwoodite,” Geophys. Res. Lett. 25, 575–578 (1998).
H. Cho and G. R. Rossman, “Single-Crystal NMR Studies of Low-Concentration Hydrous Species in Minerals: Grossular Garnet,” Am. Miner. 78, 1149–1164 (1993).
J. A. D. Connoly, “Phase Diagram Methods for Graphitic Rocks and Application to the System C-O-H-FeO-TiO2-SiO2,” Contrib. Miner. Petrol. 119, 94–116 (1995).
G. A. Gaetani, T. L. Grove, and W. B. Bryan, “The Influence of Water on the Petrogenesis of Subduction-Related Igneous Rocks,” Nature, 36, 332–334 (1993).
C. A. Geiger, K. Longer, D. R. Bell, G.R. Rossman, and B. Wikler, “The Hydroxide Component in Synthetic Pyrope,” Am. Miner. 76, 49–59 (1991).
V. A. Glebovitsky, L. P. Nikitina, V. Ya. Khiltova, and N. O. Ovchinnikov, “The Thermal Regimes of the Upper Mantle beneath Precambnan and Phanerozoic Structures up to the Thermobarometry Data of Mantle Xenoliths,” Lithos 74, 1–26 (2004).
J. R. Goldsmith, “Al/Si Interdiffusion in Albite: Effect of Pressure and the Role of Hydrogen,” Contrib. Miner. Petrol. 95, 311–321 (1987).
J. Ingrin and H. Skogby, “Hydrogen in Nominally Anhydrous Upper-Mantle Minerals: Concentration Levels and Implications,” Eur. J. Miner. 12, 543–570 (2000).
T. Inoue, D. J. Weidner, A. Northrup, and J. B. Parise, “Elastic Properties of Hydrous Ringwoodite (γ-Phase) in Mg2SiO4,” Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 160, 107–113 (1998).
V. Jamtveit, R. Brooker, K. Brooks, M. Larsen, and T. Pedersen, “The Water Content of Olivines from North Atlantic Volcanic Province,” Earth Planet. Sci. Let. 186, 401–415 (2001).
A. D. Johnston and B. Schwab, “Constraints on Clinopyroxene/Melt Partitioning of REE, Rb, Sr, Ti, Cr, Zr, and Nb during Mantle Melting: First Insight from Peridotite Melting Experiments at 1.0 GPa,” Geochim. Cosmocim. Acta. 68(23), 4949–4962 (2004).
A. A. Kadik, “Oxygen Fugacity Regime in the Upper Mantle as a Reflection of the Chemical Differentiation of Planetary Materials,” Geokhimiya 44(1), 63–79 (2006) [Geochem. Int. 44 (1), 56–71 (2006)].
S. Karato, “The Role of Hydrogen in the Electrical Conductivity of the Upper Mantle,” Nature 347, 272–273 (1990).
S. Karato and H. Jung, “Water, Partial Melting, and the Origin of the Seismic Low-Velocity and High-Attenuation Zone in the Upper Mantle,” Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 157, 193–207 (1998).
I. Katayama, S. Nakashima, and H. Yurimoto, “Water Content in Natural Eclogite and Implication for Water Transport into the Deep Upper Mantle,” Lithos 86, 245–259 (2006).
H. Keppler and M. Rauch, “Water Solubility in Nominally Anhydrous Minerals Measured by FTIR and 1H MAS NMR: The Effect of Sample Preparation,” Phys. Chem. Mineral. 27, 371–376 (2000).
N. R. Khisina and R. Wirth, “Hydrous Olivine (Mg1 − y Fe 2+y )2 − x VxSiO4H2 x: A New DHMS Phase of Variable Composition Observed as Nanometer-Sized Precipitations in Mantle Olivine,” Phys. Chem. Miner. 29, 98–111 (2002).
N. R. Khisina, R. Wirth, M. Andrut, and A. V. Ukhanov, “Extrinsic and Intrinsic Mode of Hydrogen Occurrence in Natural Olivines: FTIR and TEM Investigation,” Phys. Chem. Miner. 28, 291–301 (2001).
K. Koga, E. Hauri, M. Hirschmann, and D. Bell, “Hydrogen Concentration Analyses Using SIMS and FTIR: Comparison and Calibration for Nominally Anhydrous Minerals,” Geochem. Geophys. Geosyst. 4(2), 1019 (2003).
D. L. Kohlstedt, H. Keppler, and D. C. Rubie, “Solubility of Water in the ά, β and γ Phases of (Mg,Fe)2SiO4,” Contrib. Miner. Petrol. 123, 347–357 (1996).
S. C. Kohn, “Solubility of H2O in Nominally Anhydrous Mantle Minerals Using 1H MAS NMR,” Am. Miner. 81, 1523–1526 (1996).
M. Kurosawa, H. Yurimoto, and S. Sueno, “Patterns in the Hydrogen and Trace Element Compositions of Mantle Olivines,” Phys. Chem. Miner. 24, 385–395 (1997).
I. Kushiro, “Partial Melting of Mantle Wedge and Evolution of Island Arc Crust,” J. Geophys. Res. B10, 15 929–15 939 (1990).
W. A. Lanford, “Analysis for Hydrogen by Nuclear Reaction and Energy Recoil Detection,” Nucl. Instrument. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. B., 66, 65–82 (1992).
W. A. Lanford, H. Trautvetter, J. F. Ziegier, and J. Keller, “New Precision Technique for Measuring the Concentration Versus Depth of Hydrogen in Solids,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 28, 554–570 (1976).
E. Libovitzky and G. R. Rossman, “An IR Absorption Calibration for Water in Phospholipids,” Am. Miner. 82, 1111–1115 (1997).
E. Libowitzky and G. R. Rossman, “Principles of Quantitative Absorbance Measurements in Anisotropic Crystals,” Phys. Chem. Miner. 23, 319–327 (1996).
R. Lu and H. Keppler, “Water Solubility in Pyrope to 100 Kbar,” Contrib. Miner. Petrol. 129, 35–42 (1997).
S. J. Makswell, D. L. Kohlstedt, and M. S. Paterson, “The Role of Water in the Deformation of Olivine Single Crystals,” J. Geophys. Res. B13, 11 319–11 333 (1985).
C. McCammon, “Mössbauer Spectroscopy of Quenched High-Pressure Phases: Investigating the Earth’s Interior,” Hyperfine Interactions 90, 89–105 (1994).
R. F. Mcmillan, M. Akaogi, R. K. Sato, B. Poe, and J. Foley, “Hydroxyl Groups in b-Mg2SiO4,” Am. Miner. 76, 354–360 (1991).
M. Murakami, K. Hirose, H. Yurimoto, S. Nakashima, and N. Takafuji, “Water in the Earth’s Lower Mantle,” Science 295, 1885–1887 (2002).
L. Nikitina and M. V. Ivanov, Geological Thermobarometry on the Basis of Reactions of Mineral Formation with Participation of the Phases Variable in Composition (Nedra, St. Petersburg, 1992) [In Russian].
L. Nikitina, A. G. Goncharov, A. K. Saltykova, and M. S. Babushkina, Redox Conditions of the Continental Lithospheric Mantle of the Baikal-Mongolia Area (in press).
M. Paterson, “The Determination of Hydroxyl by Infrared Absorption in Quartz, Silicate Glasses, and Similar Material,” Bull. Miner. 105, 20–29 (1982).
A. H. Peslier, J. F. Luhr, and J. Post, “Low Water Contents in Pyroxenes from Spinel-Peridotites of the Oxidized, Sub-Arc Mantle Wedge,” Earth. Planet. Sci. Let. 201, 69–86 (2002).
J. Pickering-Witter and A. D. Johnston, “The Effects of Variable Bulk Composition on the Melting Systematics of Fertile Peridotitic Assemblages,” Contrib. Miner. Petrol. 140, 190–211 (2000).
B. G. Ponomarev and I. L. Lapides, “Hydroxyl Probe in Micas: Analysis of Cation Distribution in Tetrahedrons and Octahedrons from IR Spectrum,” in Proceedings of VI All-Union Symposium on Isomorphism (Zvenigorod, 1988) p. 175.
M. Rauch and H. Keppler, “Water Solubility in Orthopyroxene,” Contrib. Miner. Petrol. 143, 525–536 (2002).
J. A. C. Robinson, B. J. Wood, and J. D. Blundy, “The Beginning of Melting of Fertile and Depleted Peridotites at 1.5 GPa,” Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 155, 97–111 (1998).
J. M. Rousseaux, C. Gomes-Laverde, Y. Nathn, and G. Rouxhet, “Correlations between the Hydroxyl Stretching Bands and the Chemical Composition of Trioctahedral Micas,” in Proceedings of International Clay Conference Ed. by J. M. Serratose (Madrid, Division De Ciencias CSIC, 1972), pp. 89–98.
B. E. Schwab and A. D. Johnston, “Melting Systematics of Modally Variable Compositionally Intermediate Peridotites and the Effects of Mineral Fertility,” J. Petrol. 42(10), 1789–1811 (2001).
H. Skogby, D. R. Bell, and G. R. Rossman, “Hydroxide in Pyroxene: Variations in the Natural Environment,” Am. Miner. 75, 664–764 (1990).
J. R. Smyth, “A Crystallographic Model for Hydrous Wadsleyite (b-Mg2SiO4): An Ocean in the Earth’s Interior,” Am. Miner. 79, 1021–1024 (1994).
R. J. Sweeney, V. M. Prozesky, and K. A. Springhorn, “Use of the Elastic Recoil Detection Analysis (ERDA) Microbeam Technique for the Quantitative Determination of Hydrogen in Materials and Hydrogen Partitioning between Olivine and Melt at High Pressures,” Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta. 61, 101–113 (1997).
W. R. Taylor, M. Kamperman, and R. Hamilton, “New Thermobarometer and Oxygen Fugacity Sensor Calibrations for Ilmenite- and Chromian Spinel-Bearing Peridotitic Assemblages,” in Proceedings of VII Internation Kimberlite Conference (Cape Town, South Africa, 1998), 891–892.
R. G. Tronnes and D. J. Frost, Peridotite Melting and Mineral-Melt Partitioning of Major and Minor Elements at 22–24.5 Gpa, Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 197, 117–131 (2002).
M. J. Walter, “Melting of Garnet Peridotite and the Origin of Komatiite and Depleted Lithospere,” J. Petrol. 39, 29–60 (1998).
A. C. Withers, B. J. Wood, and M. R. Carroll, “The OH Content of Pyrope at High Pressure,” Chem. Geol. 147, 161–171 (1998).
J. Yesinowski, H. Eckert, and G. R. Rossman, “Characterization of Hydrous Species in Minerals by Highspeed 1H MAS NMR,” J. Am. Chem. Soc. 110, 1367–1375 (1988).
T. E. Young, H. W. Green II, A. M. Hofmeister, and D. Walker, “Infrared Spectroscopic Investigation of Hydroxyl in b-(Mg,Fe)2SiO4 and Coexisting Olivine: Implications for Mantle Evolution and Dynamics,” Phys. Chem. Miner. 19, 409–422 (1993).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Additional information
Original Russian Text © M.S. Babushkina, L.P. Nikitina, A.G. Goncharov, N. I. Ponomareva, 2009, published in Zapiski RMO (Proceedings of the Russian Mineralogical Society), 2009, Pt. CXXXVII, No. 1, pp. 3–19.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Babushkina, M.S., Nikitina, L.P., Goncharov, A.G. et al. Water in the structure of minerals from mantle peridotites as controlled bythermal and redox conditions in the upper mantle. Geol. Ore Deposits 51, 712–722 (2009). https://doi.org/10.1134/S1075701509080042
Received:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1134/S1075701509080042