Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Chemical composition of snow in the water area of Lake Baikal and on the adjacent territory

  • Research in the Baikal watershed
  • Published:
Geography and Natural Resources Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

It is found that pollution of the territory from local sources of the zone of atmospheric influence spreads over several tens of kilometers along the prevailing wind direction, and in the central zone it is replaced by regional pollution. Snow pollution in the water area of Lake Baikal was recorded near coastal settlements and in the mouth of the Selenga river. It is established that the southern hollow of Baikal holds the lead in the input of NO2, NO3, NH4, PO4, F, Al, Na, Ba, Mo, Mn, Pb, Cu, Zn, Sr, Hg and oil products to the lake’s water area in spite of the fact that it is twice as small as the northern hollow. The northern hollow receives much larger amounts of SO4, H2CO3, Cl, Ca, Mg and K than the northern hollow, and much larger amounts of Be, V, Cr and Co than the middle hollow, which is associated with the operation of coastal enterprises, boilers, thermoelectric plants, stove heating, automobile exhaust emissions, and with the natural transport of dust in snow-deficient areas of the middle hollow. It is determined that that last five years saw a slight increase in regional pollution for separate components. It is shown that in the late 1990s and in the early 2000s, pollution decreased twice, which was due to the setback in industrial production.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Groundwater Exposed: Editorial, Nat. Geosci., 2016, vol. 9, no. 2, p.85.

  2. Vetrov, V.A. and Kuznetsova, A.I. Trace Elements in Natural Environments of the Lake Baikal Region, Novosibirsk: Nauka, 1997 [in Russian].

    Google Scholar 

  3. Grachev, M.A., The Strategy of the Protection of Lake Baikal and the Law “On the Protection of Lake Baikal”, RF State Duma Roundtable Report (January 14, 2013, Moscow), Irkutsk: Institut Geografii SORAN, 2013 [in Russian].

    Google Scholar 

  4. Khodzher, T.V. and Sorokovikova, L.M., An Assessment of the Entry of Soluble Substances From the Atmosphere and With the River Runoff Into Lake Baikal, Geogr. Prir. Resur., 2007, no. 3, pp. 185–191 [in Russian].

    Google Scholar 

  5. Vorobyeva, I.B., Lomonosov, I.S., Gapon, A.V., and Arsentyeva, A.T., Technogenic Pollution of Snow and Soils, in Geoecological Characteristic of the Cities of Siberia, A.N. Antipov, Ed., Irkutsk, Institut Geografii SORAN, 1990, pp. 61–71 [in Russian].

    Google Scholar 

  6. Vorobyeva, I.B., Naprasnikova, E.V. and Vlasova, N.V., Ecologo-Geochemical Assessment of the Snow on Ice–Ice–Underice Water of Lake Baikal System, Proc. All-Russian Conf. “Ice and Thermal Processes on Water Bodies of Russia” (August 28–31, 2007, Arkhangelsk), Arkhangelsk, 2007, pp. 87–90 [in Russian].

    Google Scholar 

  7. Vorob’eva, I.B., Naprasnikova, E.V. and Vlasova, N.V., Study of Hydrocryogenic Components on the Southwest Coast of Baikal (Ecological and Geochemical Aspect), Led i Sneg, 2010, vol. 20, no. 2(110), pp. 56–60 [in Russian].

    Google Scholar 

  8. Snytko, V.A. and Afonina, T.E., Technogenic Flows of Hydrocarbon Compounds in Geosystems of the Lake Baikal Drainage Basin, Geogr. Prir. Resur., 1993, no. 2, pp. 68–72 [in Russian].

    Google Scholar 

  9. Nechaeva, E.G., Belozertseva, I.A., Naprasnikova, E.V., Vorobyeva, I.B., Dubynina, S.S., Davydova, N.D., and Vlasova, N.V., Monitoring and Forecasting of the Substance-Dynamical State of Geosystems in the Siberian Regions, Novosibirsk: Nauka, 2010 [in Russian].

    Google Scholar 

  10. Nechaeva, E.G. and Makarov, S.A., Snow Cover as the Object of Regional Monitoring of the Living Environment, Geogr. Prir. Resur., 1996, no. 2, pp. 43–48 [in Russian].

    Google Scholar 

  11. Shchetnikov, A.I., Geochemical Risk: Essence, Notion, Assessment, Proc. All-Russian Conf. “Ecological Risk: Analysis, Assessment, Forecasting” (October, 13–14, 1998, Irkutsk), Irkutsk, 1998, pp. 49–50 [in Russian].

    Google Scholar 

  12. Belozertseva, I.A. and Matushkina, O.A., Atmospheric Pollution, in Ecologically Oriented Land Use Planning in the Baikal Region. Baikal Natural Territory, A.N. Antipov, Ed., Irkutsk: Institut Geografii SORAN, 2002, pp. 31–37 [in Russian].

    Google Scholar 

  13. Belozertseva, I.A., Technogenic Impact on Snow Cover in the Upper Angara Region, Geogr. Prir. Resur., 1999, no. 2, pp. 46–51 [in Russian].

    Google Scholar 

  14. Belozertseva, I.A., Monitoring of Environmental Pollution in the Influence Zone of the Irkutsk Aluminum Smelter, Voda: Khimiya i Ekologiya, 2013, no. 10(64), pp. 33–38 [in Russian].

    Google Scholar 

  15. Khodzher, T.V., Investigation Into Atmospheric Precipitation and Its Influence on Ecosystems of the Baikal Natural Territory, Extended Abstract of Dr. Sci. (Geogr.) Dissertation, Moscow, 2005 [in Russian].

    Google Scholar 

  16. Obolkin, V.A., Netsvetaeva, O.G., Golobokova, L.P., Potemkin, V.L., Zimni, E.A., Filippova, U.G., and Khodzher, T.V., Results of Long-Term Investigations on Acid Deposition in the Area of South Baikal, Geogr. Nat. Resour., 2013, vol. 34, issue 2, pp. 152–157.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  17. Grachev, M.A., On the Present State of the Ecological System of Lake Baikal, Novosibirsk: SO RAN, 2002 [in Russian].

    Google Scholar 

  18. Grebenshchikova, V.I., Lustenberg, E.E., Kitaev, N.A., and Lomonosov, I.S., Environmental Geochemistry of Cisbaikalia (Baikal Geoecological Study Area), Novosibirsk: Geo, 2008 [in Russian].

    Google Scholar 

  19. Koval’, G.P. and Belogolova, G.A., Anthropogenic Transformation of Natural Geochemical Distributions in Cisbaikalia, N.L. Dobretsov and V.I. Kovalenko, Eds., in Global Changes in Natural Environment, Novosibirsk: SO RAN, 1998, pp. 248–257 [in Russian].

    Google Scholar 

  20. Koval’, P.V., Grebenshchikova, V.I., Kitaev, N.A., Koveshnikov, A.M., Lustenberg, E.E., Romanov, V.A., and Falieev, A.N., Geochemistry of the Environment of the Prebaikalia, Geol. Geofiz., 2000, vol. 41, no. 4, pp. 571–577 [in Russian].

    Google Scholar 

  21. Koroleva, G.P., Gorshkov, A.G., Vinogradov, T.P., Butakov, E.V., Marinaite, I.I., and Khodzher, T.V., Investigating Pollution of Snow Cover as a Depositing Environment (Southern Cisbaikalia), Khimiya v Interesakh Ustoichivogo Razvitiya, 1998, vol. 6, no. 4, pp. 327–337 [in Russian].

    Google Scholar 

  22. Kiselev, V.Ya, Maps of Snow Cover Pollution in Irkutsk Oblast and on Southern Baikal: Inset, Volna, 1997, no. 2(11), p. 30 [in Russian].

    Google Scholar 

  23. Lomonosov, I.S., Gapon, A.Z. and Arsentyeva, L.G., The Irkutsk Industrial Area: The Cities of Irkutsk, Angarsk and Shelekhov, in Ecogeochemistry of the Cities of East Siberia, V.N. Makarov, Ed., Yakutsk: IMZ SORAN. 1993, pp. 25–37 [in Russian].

    Google Scholar 

  24. Mikheeva, A.S., Atmospheric Pollution, in Anthropogenic Transformation of Natural Systems and Socioeconomic Consequences Within the Selenga River Basin, B.L. Radnaev, Ed., Ulan-Ude: Buryat. Univ., Baikal. Institut Prirodopol’zovania SORAN, 2012, pp. 124–133 [in Russian].

    Google Scholar 

  25. Belogolovov, V.F., Geochemical Atlas of Ulan-Ude, Ulan-Ude: Buryat. Knizhnoe Izsatel’stvo, 1989 [in Russian].

    Google Scholar 

  26. State Report on the Status of Natural Environment in Irkutsk Oblast During 1991–2002. URL: http://www.irkobl.ru/ sites/ecology/picture (Accessed August 8, 2015) [in Russian].

  27. State Report on the Status and Protection of Natural Environment of Irkutsk Oblast in 2003, Irkutsk: Oblmashinform, 2004 [in Russian].

  28. State Report on the Status of Lake Baikal and on the Measures for Its Protectioon in 2004, Moscow; Irkuttsk: Operativnaya Tipografiya “Na Chekhova”, 2005 [in Russian].

  29. State Report on the Status of Lake Baikal and on the Measures for Its Protection in 2005, Moscow; Irkutsk: Operativnaya Tipografiya “Na Chekhova”, 2006 [in Russian].

  30. State Report on the Status of Lake Baikal and on the Measures of Its Protection in 2006, Moscow; Irkutsk: Sib. Fil. FGU NPP Rosgeofond, 2007 [in Russian].

  31. State Report “On the Environmental Status and on the Protection of the Russian Federation in 2011–2013”. URL: http://www.mnr.gov.ru/regulatory/list.php?part=1101 (Accessed July 27, 2015) [in Russian].

  32. Status of Natural Environment and Environmental Activity in the Republic of Buryatia During 1991–2003. URL: http://www.minpriroda-rb.ru/activity/index.php?SECTION_ID=921 (Accessed August 10, 2015) [in Russian].

  33. Kuz’min, V.A., On Chemical Composition of Raised Peat Bogs and Snow of Southern Cisbaikalia (In Connection With the Environmental Pollution Problem), Geogr. Prir. Resur., 1999, no. 3, pp. 59–65 [in Russian].

    Google Scholar 

  34. GOST 2874-82. Drinking Water. Hygienic Requirements and Quality Control. URL: http://gostvoda.ru/d/677526/d14-gost-2874-82.pdf (Accessed August 10, 2015) [in Russian].

  35. GN 2.1.5.1315-03 “Maximum Allowable Concentrations (MACs) of Chemicals in the Water of Water Bodies for Household and Recreational Water Use Purposes”. URL: http://www.infosait. ru/norma_doc/41363/index.htm (Accessed August 10, 2015) [in Russian].

  36. List of Fisheries Normatives of Maximum Allowable Concentrations (MACs) and Approximately Safe Impact Levels (ASIL) of Harmful Substances for Water of Water Bodies of Fisheries Significance, Moscow: VNII Rybnogo Khozyaistva i Okeanografii, 1999 [in Russian].

  37. Chebanenko, B.B. and Maisyuk, E.P., Baikal Region: Limits of Stability, Novosibirsk: Nauka, 2002 [in Russian].

    Google Scholar 

  38. Bogdanov, Yu.A., Kuptsov, V.M., Shevchenko, V.P., Bobrov, V.A., and Gavshin, V.M., Current Flows of Chemical Elements From the Water Column Into Bottom Sediments of Lake Baikal, Dokl. Akad. Nauk, 1997, vol. 352, no. 1, pp. 100–104 [in Russian].

    Google Scholar 

  39. Koval, P.V., Belogolova, G. A., Burenkov, E.K., and Pampura, V.D., The Baikal Polygon: International and National Projects of Geochemical Mapping and Monitoring of the Environment, Geol. Geofiz., 1993, vol. 34, no. 10–11, pp. 207–220 [in Russian].

    Google Scholar 

  40. Plyusnin, V.M. and Vladimirov, I.N., Territorial Planning for the Central Ecological Zone of the Baikal Natural Territory, Novosibirsk: Geo, 2013 [in Russian].

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. V. B. Sochava Institute of Geography, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Irkutsk, Russia

    I. A. Belozertseva, I. B. Vorobyeva, N. V. Vlasova, M. S. Yanchuk & D. N. Lopatina

  2. Irkutsk State University, Irkutsk, Russia

    I. A. Belozertseva

Authors
  1. I. A. Belozertseva
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. I. B. Vorobyeva
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. N. V. Vlasova
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. M. S. Yanchuk
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  5. D. N. Lopatina
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to I. A. Belozertseva.

Additional information

Original Russian Text © I.A. Belozertseva, I.B. Vorobyeva, N.V. Vlasova, M.S. Yanchuk, D.N. Lopatina, 2017, published in Geografiya i Prirodnye Resursy, 2017, Vol. 38, No. 1, pp. 90-99.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Belozertseva, I.A., Vorobyeva, I.B., Vlasova, N.V. et al. Chemical composition of snow in the water area of Lake Baikal and on the adjacent territory. Geogr. Nat. Resour. 38, 68–77 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1134/S1875372817010097

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1134/S1875372817010097

Keywords

Search

Navigation