Abstract.
The performance of convective heat transfer is elevated in boundary layer flow regions via nanoparticles. A magnetic dipole in the presence of ferrite nanoparticles plays a vital role in controlling the thermal and momentum boundary layers. In view of this, the impacts of a magnetic dipole on the nano boundary layer, laminar, and steady flow of an incompressible ferromagnetic NiZnFe2O4-C2H6O2 (nickel zinc ferrite-ethylene glycol), MnZnFe2O4-C2H6O2 (manganese zinc ferrite-ethylene glycol), and Fe2O4-C2H6O2 (magnetite ferrite-ethylene glycol) nanofluids are characterized for the first time in the present analysis. Flow is caused by a linear stretching sheet. Fourier’s law of heat conduction is hired for the evaluation of heat flux. Impacts of emerging parameters on the magneto-thermomechanical coupling are analyzed numerically. It is seen that the characteristics of magneto-thermomechanical interaction decelerate the movements of fluid particles, thereby strengthen the skin friction coefficient and reduce the heat transfer rate at the surface. Further, it is evident that a solid volume fraction has increasing behaviour on the rate of heat transfer in the boundary layer. Comparisons with available results for specific cases are found in excellent agreement.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
R.S. Bowles, J.J. Kolstad, J.M. Calo, R.P. Andres, Surf. Sci. 106, 117 (1981)
A. Ahmed, S. Nadeem, Results Phys. 7, 677 (2017)
S. Nadeem, I. Raishad, N. Muhammad, M.T. Mustafa, Results Phys. (2017) DOI:10.1016/j.rinp.2017.06.007
S. Nadeem, Z. Ahmed, S. Saleem, Z. Naturforsch. A 71, 1121 (2016)
S. Nadeem, S. Ahmad, N. Muhammad, J. Mol. Liq. 237, 180 (2017)
G.K. Ramesh, B.J. Gireesha, Ain Shams Eng. J. 3, 991 (2014)
B.J. Gireesha, B. Mahanthesh, R.S.R. Gorla, J. Nanofluids 3, 267 (2014)
S. Nadeem, N. Muhammad, J. Mol. Liq. 224, 423 (2016)
N. Muhammad, S. Nadeem, R.U. Haq, Results Phys. 7, 854 (2017)
N. Muhammad, S. Nadeem, T. Mustafa, Results Phys. 7, 862 (2017)
S.U.S. Chol, ASME Publ. Fed. 231, 99 (1995)
W. Voit, D.K. Kim, W. Zapka, M. Muhammed, K.V. Rao, in Magnetic behavior of coated superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles in ferrofluids, MRS Proceedings, Vol. 676 (Cambridge University Press, 2001) DOI:10.1557/PROC-676-y7.8
R.E. Rosensweig, Annu. Rev. Fluid Mech. 19, 437 (1987)
A.C. Eringen, G.A. Maugin, Electrodynamics of Continua II: Fluids and Complex Media (Springer, New York, 1990)
JR.L. Bailey, J. Magn. & Magn. Mater. 2, 178 (1983)
C.D. Mee, Proc. Phys. Soc. 8, 922 (1950)
J.L. Neuringer, Int. J. Non-Linear Mech. 2, 123 (1966)
E.E. Tzirtzilakis, N.G. Kafoussias, A. Raptis, Z. Angew. Math. Phys. 5, 929 (2010)
H.I. Andersson, O.A. Valnes, Acta Mech. 2, 39 (1998)
A. Zeeshan, A. Majeed, Alex. Eng. J. 55, 2171 (2016)
A. Majeed, A. Zeeshan, R. Ellahi, J. Mol. Liq. 223, 528 (2016)
S.J. Liao, Beyond Perturbation: Introduction to Homotopy Analysis Method (Chapman and Hall, CRC Press, Boca Raton, 2003)
S.J. Liao, Homotopy Analysis Method in Non-Linear Differential Equations (Springer and Higher Education Press, Heidelberg, 2012)
M.M. Rashidi, N.V. Ganesh, A.K.A. Hakeem, B. Ganga, G. Lorenzini, Int. J. Heat Mass Transfer 98, 616 (2016)
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Muhammad, N., Nadeem, S. Ferrite nanoparticles Ni- ZnFe2O4 , Mn- ZnFe2O4 and Fe2O4 in the flow of ferromagnetic nanofluid. Eur. Phys. J. Plus 132, 377 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1140/epjp/i2017-11650-2
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1140/epjp/i2017-11650-2