David R. Choffnes
Fabián E. Bustamante
Abstract
Peer-to-peer (P2P) systems, which provide a variety of popular services, such as file sharing, video streaming and voice-over-IP, contribute a significant portion of today's Internet traffic. By building overlay networks that are oblivious to the underlying Internet topology and routing, these systems have become one of the greatest traffic-engineering challenges for Internet Service Providers (ISPs) and the source of costly data traffic flows. In an attempt to reduce these operational costs, ISPs have tried to shape, block or otherwise limit P2P traffic, much to the chagrin of their subscribers, who consistently finds ways to eschew these controls or simply switch providers.
In this paper, we present the design, deployment and evaluation of an approach to reducing this costly cross-ISP traffic without sacrificing system performance. Our approach recycles network views gathered at low cost from content distribution networks to drive biased neighbor selection without any path monitoring or probing. Using results collected from a deployment in BitTorrent with over 120,000 users in nearly 3,000 networks, we show that our lightweight approach significantly reduces cross-ISP traffic and, over 33% of the time, it selects peers along paths that are within a single autonomous system (AS). Further, we find that our system locates peers along paths that have two orders of magnitude lower latency and 30% lower loss rates than those picked at random, and that these high-quality paths can lead to significant improvements in transfer rates. In challenged settings where peers are overloaded in terms of available bandwidth, our approach provides 31% average download-rate improvement; in environments with large available bandwidth, it increases download rates by 207% on average (and improves median rates by 883%
- ADLER, M., KUMARY, R., ROSSZ, K., RUBENSTEIN, D., SUEL, T., AND YAOK, D. D. Optimal peer selection for P2P downloading and streaming. In Proc. of IEEE INFOCOM (2005).Google Scholar
Cross Ref
- AGGARWAL, V., BENDER, S., FELDMANN, A., AND WICHMANN, A. Methodology for estimating network distances of Gnutella neighbors. In Workshop on Algorithms and Protocols for Efficient Peer-to-Peer Applications at Informatik (2004).Google Scholar
- AGGARWAL, V., FELDMANN, A., AND SCHEIDELER, C. Can ISPs and P2P users cooperate for improved performance? SIGCOMM Comput. Commun. Rev. 37, 3 (2007), 29--40. Google ScholarDigital Library
- AKAMAI. Akamai CDN. http://www.akamai.com.Google Scholar
- AKAMAI. Sureroute, May 2003. http://www.akamai.com/dl/feature_sheets/fs_edgesuite_sureroute.pdf.Google Scholar
- AKAMAI. Akamai introduces first-of-its-kind, real-time view into health of the Internet, June 2007. http://www.akamai.com/html/about/press/Google Scholar
- AKELLA, A., SESHAN, S., AND SHAIKH, A. An empirical evaluation of wide-area internet bottlenecks. In Proc. of the Internet Measurement Conference (IMC) (2003). Google ScholarDigital Library
- BINDAL, R., CAO, P., CHAN, W., MEDVED, J., SUWALA, G., BATES, T., AND ZHANG, A. Improving traffic locality in BitTorrent via biased neighbor selection. In Proc. of the Int'l Conference on Distributed Computing Systems (ICDCS) (2006). Google ScholarDigital Library
- COHEN, B. Incentives build robustness in BitTorrent. In Proc. of the Workshop on Economics of Peer-to-Peer Systems (P2PEcon) (2003).Google Scholar
- DABEK, COX, KAASHOEK, AND MORRIS, R. Vivaldi: A decentralized network coordinate system. In Proc. of ACM SIGCOMM (2004). Google ScholarDigital Library
- DAWSON, K. FCC seeks comment in Comcast P2P investigation, January 2007. http://yro.slashdot.org/yro/08/01/16/0238244.shtml.Google Scholar
- GUMMADI, K., GUMMADI, R., GRIBBLE, S., RATNASAMY, S., SHENKER, S., AND STOICA, I. The impact of DHT routing geometry on resilience and proximity. In Proc. of ACM SIGCOMM (2003). Google ScholarDigital Library
- GUO, L., CHEN, S., XIAO, Z., TAN, E., DING, X., AND ZHANG, X. Measurements, analysis, and modeling of BitTorrent-like systems. In Proc. of the Internet Measurement Conference (IMC) (2005). Google ScholarDigital Library
- IPOQUE. Internet Study 2007: Data about P2P, VoIP, Skype, file hosters like RapidShare and streaming services like YouTube, November 2007. http://www.ipoque.com/media/internet_studies/internet_study_2007.Google Scholar
- IZAL, M., URVOY-KELLER, G., BIERSACK, E., FELBER, P., HAMRA, A., AND GARCES--ERICE, L. Dissecting BitTorrent: Five months in a torrent's lifetime. In Proc. of Passive and Active Measurement Workshop (PAM) (2004).Google ScholarCross Ref
- KANGASHARJU, J., ROSS, K., AND ROBERTS, J. Performance evaluation of redirection schemes in content distribution networks. Computer Communications 24, 2 (2001), 207---214. Google ScholarDigital Library
- KARAGIANNIS, T., RODRIGUEZ, P., AND PAPAGIANNAKI, K. Should internet service providers fear peer-assisted content distribution? In Proc. of the Internet Measurement Conference (IMC) (2005). Google ScholarDigital Library
- LI, J., AND SOLLINS, K. Exploiting autonomous system information in structured peer-to-peer networks. In ICCCN (2004).Google Scholar
- LIMELIGHT NETWORKS. Limelight networks CDN. http://www.limelightnetworks.com.Google Scholar
- MADHYASTHA, H. V., ISDAL, T., MICHAEL PIATEK, DIXON, C., ANDERSON, T., KIRSHNAMURTHY, A., AND VENKATARAMANI, A. iPlane: an information plane for distributed systems. In Proc. of the USENIX Operating Systems Design and Implementation (OSDI) (2006). Google ScholarDigital Library
- MENNECKE, T. DSL broadband providers perform balancing act. http://www.slyck.com/news.php?story=973, November 2005.Google Scholar
- MIRROR IMAGE. Mirror image CDN. http://www.mirror-image.net.Google Scholar
- NAKAO, A., PETERSON, L., AND BAVIER, A. A routing underlay for overlay networks. In Proc. of ACM SIGCOMM (August 2003). Google ScholarDigital Library
- NG, T., AND ZHANG, H. Predicting Internet network distace with coordinates-based approaches. In Proc. of IEEE INFOCOM (2002).Google ScholarCross Ref
- POUWELSE, J. A., GARBACKI, P., EPEMA, D. H. J., AND SIPS, H. J. The Bittorrent P2P file-sharing system: Measurements and analysis. In Proc. of the International Workshop on Peer-to-Peer Systems (IPTPS) (Feb 2005). Google ScholarDigital Library
- QIU, D., AND SRIKANT, R. Modeling and performance analysis of BitTorrent-like peer-to-peer networks. In Proc. of ACM SIGCOMM (2004). Google ScholarDigital Library
- SALTON, G., AND MCGILL, M. J. Introduction to modern information retrieval. McGraw-Hill, New York, NY, 1986. Google ScholarDigital Library
- SANDVINE. Sandvine incorporated: Peer-to-peer policy management, 2008. http://www.sandvine.com/solutions/p2p_policy_mngmt.asp.Google Scholar
- SHAIKH, A., TEWARI, R., AND AGRAWAL, M. On the effectiveness of DNS-based server selection. In Proc. of IEEE INFOCOM (2001).Google ScholarCross Ref
- SHANAHAN, K., AND FREEDMAN, M. J. Locality prediction for oblivious clients. In Proc. of the International Workshop on Peer-to-Peer Systems (IPTPS) (Ithaca, NY, 2005). Google ScholarDigital Library
- SHEN, G., WANG, Y., XIONG, Y., ZHAO, B. Y., AND ZHANG, Z.-L. HPTP: Relieving the tension between ISPs and P2P. In Proc. of the International Workshop on Peer-to-Peer Systems (IPTPS) (2007).Google Scholar
- SU, A.-J., CHOFFNES, D., BUSTAMANTE, F. E., AND KUZMANOVIC, A. Relative network positioning via CDN redirections. In Proc. of the Int'l Conference on Distributed Computing Systems (ICDCS) (2008). Google ScholarDigital Library
- SU, A.-J., CHOFFNES, D. R., KUZMANOVIC, A., AND BUSTAMANTE, F. E. Drafting behind Akamai: Travelocity-based detouring. In Proc. of ACM SIGCOMM (2006). Google ScholarDigital Library
- TEAM CYMRU. The Team Cymru IP to ASN lookup page. http://www.cymru.com/BGP/asnlookup.html.Google Scholar
- WELLINGTON, B. dnsjava. http://www.dnsjava.org/.Google Scholar
- WONG, B., SLIVKINS, A., AND SIRER, E. Meridian: A lightweight network location service without virtual coordinates. In Proc. of ACM SIGCOMM (2005). Google ScholarDigital Library
- XIE, H., YANG, R., KRISHNAMURTHY, A., LIU, Y., AND SILBERSCHATZ, A. P4P: Provider portal for (P2P) applications. In Proc. of ACM SIGCOMM (2008). Google ScholarDigital Library
Index Terms
- Taming the torrent: a practical approach to reducing cross-isp traffic in peer-to-peer systems
Recommendations
Taming the torrent: a practical approach to reducing cross-isp traffic in peer-to-peer systems
SIGCOMM '08: Proceedings of the ACM SIGCOMM 2008 conference on Data communicationPeer-to-peer (P2P) systems, which provide a variety of popular services, such as file sharing, video streaming and voice-over-IP, contribute a significant portion of today's Internet traffic. By building overlay networks that are oblivious to the ...
Can ISPS and P2P users cooperate for improved performance?
Peer-to-peer (P2P) systems, which are realized as overlays on top of the underlying Internet routing architecture, contribute a significant portion of today's Internet traffic. While the P2P users are a good source of revenue for the Internet Service ...
A P2P Traffic Localization Method with Additional Delay Insertion
INCOS '12: Proceedings of the 2012 Fourth International Conference on Intelligent Networking and Collaborative SystemsRecently, it has been noted that the inefficiencies in peer-to-peer (P2P) overlay networks result in a large quantity of traffic among internet service providers (ISPs) or autonomous systems (ASes). To optimize cross-ISP/AS traffic, the existing ...
Comments