Abstract
On Nov. 4 2008, the Federal Communications Commission adopted rules for unlicensed use of television white spaces. The IEEE 802.22 Wireless Regional Area Networks (WRAN) standard is the first IEEE standard utilizing cognitive radio (CR) technology to exploit the television white space. A decision engine that is able to respond to the changes in the radio environment is necessary to efficiently exploit underutilized spectrum resources and avoid interfering with the licensed systems (e.g., TV services). This paper discusses the development of a case-based reasoning cognitive engine (CBR-CE) for the IEEE 802.22 WRAN applications. The performance of the CBR-CE is evaluated under various radio scenarios and compared to that of several multi objective search based algorithms, including the hill climbing search (HCS) and the genetic algorithm (GA). The simulation results show that the developed CBR-CE can achieve comparable utility with faster adaptation than the search based cognitive engines after appropriate training / learning. The learning process of the CBR is also simulated and discussed.
- IEEE. IEEE 802.22 working group on wireless regional area networks. http://www.ieee802.org/22/.Google Scholar
- C. Cordeiro, K. Challapali, D. Birru, and Sai Shankar N. IEEE 802.22: the first worldwide wireless standard based on cognitive radios. In New Frontiers in Dynamic Spectrum Access Networks, 2005. DySPAN 2005. 1st IEEE International Symposium on, pages 328--337, Baltimore, MD, November 2005.Google ScholarCross Ref
- FCC. FCC adopts rules for unlicensed use of television white spaces. http://hraunfoss.fcc.gov/edocs_public/attachmatch/DOC-286566A1.pdf, Nov. 2008.Google Scholar
- J.L. Kolodner and D. Leake. A tutorial introduction to case-based reasoning. In D. Leake, editor, Case-Based Reasoning: Experiences, Lessons and Future Directions, chapter 2, pages 31--65. MIT Press, Cambridge, MA., 1996.Google Scholar
- S. Shiu and S.K. Pal. Foundations of Soft Case-Based Reasoning. Wiley Series on Intelligent Systems.Wiley-Interscience, Hoboken, NJ, 2004. Google ScholarDigital Library
- J.H. Reed et al. Development of a cognitive engine and analysis of WRAN cognitive radio algorithms phase II. Report submitted to ETRI, MPRG, Virginia Tech, December 2006.Google Scholar
- Y. Zhao, J. Gaeddert, L. Morales, K.K. Bae, J.-S. Um, and J.H. Reed. Development of radio environment map enabled case- and knowledge-based learning algorithms for IEEE 802.22 WRAN cognitive engines. In Cognitive Radio Oriented Wireless Networks and Communications, 2007. CrownCom 2007. 2nd International Conference on, pages 44--49, Orlando, FL, August 2007.Google ScholarCross Ref
- B. Le, T.W. Rondeau, and C.W. Bostian. Cognitive radio realities. Wirel. Commun. Mob. Comput., 7(9):1037--1048, 2007. Google ScholarDigital Library
- T.W. Rondeau, B. Le, C.J. Rieser, and C.W. Bostian. Cognitive radios with genetic algorithms: Intelligent control of software defined radios. In SDR Forum Technical Conference, pages C-3--C-8, Phoenix, AZ, 2004.Google Scholar
- T.R. Newman, B.A.B., A.M. Wyglinski, A. Agah, J.B. Evans, and G.J. Minden. Cognitive engine implementation for wireless multicarrier transceivers. Wirel. Commun. Mob. Comput., 7(9):1129--1142, 2007. Google ScholarDigital Library
- T. Weingart, D.C. Sicker, and D. Grunwald. A method for dynamic configuration of a cognitive radio. In Networking Technologies for Software Defined Radio Networks, 2006. SDR'06. 1st IEEE Workshop on, pages 93--100, Reston, Virginia, September 2006.Google ScholarCross Ref
- J.H. Reed et al. Applying artificial intelligence to the development of a cognitive radio engine. Report submitted to ARO, MPRG, Virginia Tech, July 2006.Google Scholar
- Y. Zhao, L. Morales, J. Gaeddert, K. K. Bae, J.-S. Um, and J. H. Reed. Applying radio environment maps to cognitive wireless regional area networks. In New Frontiers in Dynamic Spectrum Access Networks, 2007. DySPAN 2007. 2nd IEEE International Symposium on, pages 115--118, Dublin, Ireland, April 2007.Google ScholarDigital Library
- MPRG. OSSIE. http://ossie.wireless.vt.edu/.Google Scholar
Index Terms
- Development of a case-based reasoning cognitive engine for IEEE 802.22 WRAN applications
Recommendations
Security vulnerabilities in IEEE 802.22
WICON '08: Proceedings of the 4th Annual International Conference on Wireless InternetCognitive Radio (CR) is seen as one of the enabling technologies for realizing a new spectrum access paradigm, viz. Opportunistic Spectrum Sharing (OSS). IEEE 802.22 is the world's first wireless standard based on CR technology. It defines the air ...
Dynamic spectrum access in IEEE 802.22-based cognitive wireless networks: a game theoretic model for competitive spectrum bidding and pricing
The emerging IEEE 802.22-based wireless regional area network technology will use the same radio spectrum currently allocated for TV service. This standard will use the concept of cognitive radio based on dynamic spectrum access to provide wireless ...
Channel management in IEEE 802.22 WRAN systems
Channel management policy is one of the key functions of any cognitive radio system. The channel management decision in a cognitive radio system depends on various factors such as government regulations, limitations of transmission power between ...
Comments