ABSTRACT
It is impossible to design systems which are appropriate for all users and all situations. We believe that a useful technique is to have end users tailor their systems to match their personal work practices. This requires not only systems which can be tailored, but a culture within which users feel in control of the system and in which tailoring is the norm. In a two-pronged research project we have worked closely with a group of users to develop a system to support tailoring and to help the users evolve a “tailoring culture”. This has resulted in a flexible system based around the use of distributed on-screen Buttons to support a range of tailoring techniques.
- 1.AshtomTate. Framework II Reference Manual. 1986.]]Google Scholar
- 2.B0dker, S., Ehn, P., Kammersgaard, J., Kyng, M. and Sundblad, Yngve. A UTOPIAN experience: On the design of powerful computer based tools for skilled graphic workers. {n Bjerknes, G., Ehn, P. and Kyng, M. (Eds) Computers and Democracy - A Scandinavian Challenge, Avebury, Aldershot, England, 1987.]]Google Scholar
- 3.Bobrow, D.G. and Stefik, M. The LOOPS Manual. Tech Rep. KB-VLSI-81-13. Xerox Palo Alto Research Center, 1981.]]Google Scholar
- 4.Borning, A. Classes versus prototypes in object-oriented languages. In Proc ACM/IEEE Fall Joint Computer Conference, (Dallas, Nov 1986), 36-40, 1986.]] Google ScholarDigital Library
- 5.Borning, A. and O'Shea, T. An empirically and aesthetically motivated simplification of Smalltalk-80. Proceedings of the European Conference on Object-Oriented Programming, (Paris, June 1987), 155-165, 1987.]] Google ScholarDigital Library
- 6.Carter, K. Two Conceptions of Designing. IRIS Conference on '~'reativity in System Development". 1989.]]Google Scholar
- 7.Carter, K. Methods for designing with users. PICT workshop on Social perspecti'ves on Software. UMIST, Manchester, July 19-20 1989.]]Google Scholar
- 8.DiSessa, A. A principled design for an integrated computational environment. Human-Computer Interaction, 1, 1-47, 1985.]]Google ScholarDigital Library
- 9.Ehn, P. and Kyng, M. The collective resource approach to systems design. In Bjerknes, G., Ehn, P. and Kyng, M. (Eds) Computers and Democracy . A Scandinavian Challenge, Avebury, Aldershot, England, 1987.]]Google Scholar
- 10.Fischer, G. and Lemke, A. Construction kits and design environments: Steps toward human problem-domain communication. Human. Computer Interaction, 3, 179-222, 1988.]] Google ScholarDigital Library
- 11.Goldberg, A. and Robson, D. Smaltt~alk-80, the language and its implementation. Addison- Wesley Publishing Co., 1983.]] Google ScholarDigital Library
- 12.Goodman, D. The complete HyperCard handbook. Bantam Books, New York. 1987.]] Google ScholarDigital Library
- 13.Grudin, J. and Barnard, P. When does an abbreviation become a word? And related questions. In Proc CHI'85 (San Francisco), ACM, New York, 121-125, 1985.]] Google ScholarDigital Library
- 14.Henderson, A. and Card, S~ Rooms:: The use of multiple virtual workspaces to reduce space contention in a window based graphical user interface. ACM Transactions on Graphics.]] Google ScholarDigital Library
- 15.Lieberman, H. Using prototypical objects to implement shared behavior in object-oriented systems. In Proceedings of OOPSLA ~7, ACM Press New York, 214-223, 1987.]] Google ScholarDigital Library
- 16.LSvstrand, L. Buttons" An object-oriented architecture to support tailorability. In preparation.]]Google Scholar
- 17.MacLean, A. Human factors and the design of user interface management systems: EASIE as a case study. Information and Software Technology, 29,192-201, 1987.]] Google ScholarDigital Library
- 18.MacLean, A., Barnard, P. and Wilson, M. Rapid prototyping of dialogue for human factors research: The EASIE approach. In Harrison, M and Monk, A. (Eds.) People and Computers: Designing for Usability. CUP, Cambridge, 180-195, 1986.]] Google ScholarDigital Library
- 19.MacLean, A., Young, R. and Moran, T. Design Rationale: The argument behind the artifact. In Proc. CHI'89, Austin, Texas, April 30-May 4, ACM, New York, 247-252, 1989.]] Google ScholarDigital Library
- 20.Myers, B. Visual programming, programming by example, and program visu.alisation; a taxonomy. In Proc CHI'86 (Boston, MA. April 13-16), 59-66, 1986.]] Google ScholarDigital Library
- 21.Rich, C. and Waters, R. Automatic programming: Myths and Prospects. IEEE Computer, August, 42-51, 1988.]] Google ScholarDigital Library
- 22.Ritchie, R. and Weir, G. Menu-based extensions to GNU Emacs. In Sutcliffe, A. and Macaulay, L. (Eds.) People and Computers V. CUP, Cambridge, 245-260, 1989.]] Google ScholarDigital Library
- 23.Stallmaa, R. EMACS, the extensibte, customizable, self-documenting display editor. Proc ACM SIGPLAN SIGOA Symposoium on Text Manipulation. Portland, Oregon, June, 1981.]] Google ScholarDigital Library
- 24.Trigg, R, Moran, T. and Halasz, F. Adaptability and Tailorability in NoteCards. In Bullinger, H.-J. and Shackel, B. (Eds.) Proceedings of INTERACTS7, London, 723-728, 1987.]]Google Scholar
- 25.Xerox Corporation. ViewPoint CUSP Button Reference. ViewPoint Series Reference Library. 1988.]]Google Scholar
Index Terms
- User-tailorable systems: pressing the issues with buttons
Recommendations
The performance of touch screen soft buttons
CHI '09: Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing SystemsThe introduction of a new generation of attractive touch screen-based devices raises many basic usability questions whose answers may influence future design and market direction. With a set of current mobile devices, we conducted three experiments ...
Shadow buttons: exposing WIMP functionality while preserving the inking surface in sketch-based interfaces
SBIM '09: Proceedings of the 6th Eurographics Symposium on Sketch-Based Interfaces and ModelingWe present Shadow Buttons, an approach to placing WIMP interface elements into gestural and sketch-based interfaces. Utilizing the hover state, supported by pen-based devices such as Tablet PCs, we provide users with important WIMP-based functionality ...
Tactile virtual buttons for mobile devices
CHI EA '03: CHI '03 Extended Abstracts on Human Factors in Computing SystemsThis paper presents a technique to add the tactile cues of real buttons to virtual buttons displayed on mobile devices with touch screens. When the user's finger is on the display, tactile feedback coveys a feeling of button location and activation. We ...
Comments