Stephen L. Smith
ABSTRACT
The application of genetic and evolutionary computation to problems in medicine has increased rapidly over the past five years, but there are specific issues and challenges that distinguish it from other real-world applications. Obtaining reliable and coherent patient data, establishing the clinical need and demonstrating value in the results obtained are all aspects that require careful and detailed consideration.
This tutorial is based on research which uses genetic programming (a representation of Cartesian Genetic Programming) in the diagnosis and monitoring of Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease and other neurodegenerative conditions, as well as in the early detection of breast cancer through automated assessment of mammograms. The work is supported by multiple clinical studies in progress in the UK (Leeds General Infirmary), USA (UCSF), UAE (Dubai Rashid Hospital), Australia (Monash Medical Center) and Singapore (National Neuroscience Institute). The technology is protected through three patent applications and a University spin-out company marketing four medical devices.
The tutorial considers the following topics:
Introduction to medical applications of genetic and evolutionary computation and how these differ from other real-world applications
Overview of past work in the from a medical and evolutionary computation point of view
Three case examples of medical applications: i. diagnosis and monitoring of Parkinson's disease ii. detection of beast cancer from mammograms iii. cancer screening using Raman spectroscopy
Practical advice on how to get started working on medical applications, including existing medical databases and conducting new medical studies, commercialization and protecting intellectual property.
Summary, further reading and links
- Leonardo Bocchi. 2003. Multiple genetic snakes for bone segmentation. In Proceedings of the 2003 international conference on Applications of evolutionary computing (EvoWorkshops'03), Stefano Cagnoni, Colin G. Johnson, Elena Marchiori, David W. Corne, and Jens Gottlieb (Eds.). Springer-Verlag, Berlin, Heidelberg, 346--356. Google Scholar
Digital Library
- Gabriel Mañana, Fabio González , and Eduardo Romero. 2005. Distributed genetic algorithm for subtraction radiography. In Proceedings of the 2005 workshops on Genetic and evolutionary computation (GECCO '05). ACM, New York, NY, USA, 140--146. DOI=10.1145/1102256.1102288 http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/1102256.1102288 Google ScholarDigital Library
- Ghannad-Rezaie, M., Soltanain-Zadeh, H., Siadat, M.-R. and Elisevich, K.V. 2006. Medical data mining using particle swarm optimization for temporal lobe epilepsy. IEEE Congress on Evolutionary Computation (CEC) 2006, pp. 761--768.Google Scholar
- Alderliesten, T., Bosman, P.A.N., Niessen, W.J. 2007. "Towards a Real-Time Minimally-Invasive Vascular Intervention Simulation System," Medical Imaging, IEEE Transactions on, vol. 26, no. 1, pp. 128--132, doi: 10.1109/TMI. 2006.886814 URL: http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=4039522&isnumber=4039521Google ScholarCross Ref
- Koutsojannis, C. and Hatzilygeroudis, I. 2006. Fuzzy-evolutionary synergism in an intelligent medical diagnosis system. Knowledge-Based Intelligent Information and Engineering Systems. 10th International Conference, KES 2006. Proceedings, Part II. Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence, Vol. 4252. Springer-Verlag, pp. 1305--1312. Google ScholarDigital Library
- D. Hope, S. Smith, and E. Munday, "Evolutionary algorithms in the classification of mammograms," in IEEE Symposium on Computational Intelligence in Image and Signal Processing, pp. 258--265, 2007.Google Scholar
- J.Walker, K. Völk, S. Smith, and J. Miller, "Parallel evolution using multi-chromosome Cartesian genetic programming," Genetic Programming and Evolvable Machines, vol. 10, no. 4, 2009. Google ScholarDigital Library
- M. A. Lones, S. L. Smith, A. T. Harris, A. S. High, S. E. Fisher, D. A. Smith and J. Kirkham, "Discriminating Normal and Cancerous Thyroid Cell Lines using Implicit Context Representation Cartesian Genetic Programming," Proc. World Congress on Computational Intelligence (WCCI) 2010, Barcelona, IEEE Press, 2010.Google Scholar
Index Terms
- Medical Applications of Evolutionary Computation
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