ABSTRACT
When applications intend to support accessibility, aspects of usability must be reviewed to adapt or extend common functional requirements that are implemented to ensure an easy use of applications. However, initiatives to develop guidelines for accessible mobile applications are recent and several approaches present only suggestions rather than a concrete list of requirements. This work presents an ample study on this subject, analyzing 247 scientific and technical articles to identify requirements that are discussed related to different types of impairments. This identification and further consolidation are carried out in a contextualized way via a classification schema proposed in this work. An observation based on analysis with real users is then performed to confirm and extend the initial requirements list and support our understanding about the limitations and needs of impaired users regarding the use of mobile technology. As result, this paper presents the main points of a guideline proposal for functional requirements, which should be considered by mobile applications to ensure accessibility with usability.
- Fanucci, L., Iacopetti, F., Roncella, R., 2011. A console interface for game accessibility to people with motor impairments. Proceedings of the IEEE International Conference on Consumer Eletronics (ICCE), pp. 206--210.Google ScholarCross Ref
- Carvajal, L., Moreno, A., Sánchez-Segura, M., Seffah, A., 2013. Usability through Software Design. IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering, 39(11):1582--1596. Google ScholarDigital Library
- Khan, S., Tahir, M., Raza, A., 2013. Usability Issues for Smartphone Users with Special Needs-Autism. Int. Conf. on Open Source Systems and Technologies, pp. 107--113.Google Scholar
- Kane, S., Wobbrock, J., Ladner, R., 2011. Usable gestures for blind people: understanding preference and performance. Proceedings of the Annual Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems, pp. 413--422. Google ScholarDigital Library
- Mi, N., Cavuoto, L., Benson, K., Smith-Jackson, T., Nussbaum, M., 2014. A heuristic checklist for an accessible smartphone interface design. Universal Access in the Information Society, 13(4):351--365. Google ScholarDigital Library
- Android. 2015. Accessibility Developer, http://developer.android.com/guide/topics/ui/accessibilitychecklist.htmlGoogle Scholar
- W3C. 2015. Mobile Accessibility: How WCAG 2.0 and Other W3C/WAI Guidelines Apply to Mobile, http://www.w3.org/TR/mobile-accessibility-mappingGoogle Scholar
- Siebra, C., et al., 2015. Accessibility Devices for Mobile Interfaces Extensions: A Survey. Proc. of the 17th ACM International Conference on Human-Computer Interaction with Mobile Devices and Services, pp. 644--651. Google ScholarDigital Library
- Shin, D. 2016. Cross-platform user experience towards designing an inter-usable system. International Journal of Human-Computer Interaction, 32(7):503--514.Google ScholarCross Ref
- Lescal, D., Caron, L., Rouat, J., 2012. Neural visual objects enhancement for sensorial substitution from vision to audition. Proc. 11th Int. Conf. on Information Sciences, Signal Processing and their Applications, pp. 1074--1079.Google ScholarCross Ref
- Bowman, V., 2002. Reading between the lines: an evaluation of Window Eyes Screen reader as a reference tool for teaching and learning, Library Hi Tech, 20(2): 162--168.Google ScholarCross Ref
- Ganz, A., Schafer, J., Puleo, E., Wilson, C., Robertson, M., 2012. Quantitative and Qualitative Evaluation of PERCEPT Indoor Navigation System for Visually Impaired Users. Proc. of the 34th Annual Int. Conf. of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society, pp. 5815--5818.Google ScholarCross Ref
- Dim, N., Ren, X., 2014. Designing motion gesture interfaces in mobile phones for blind people. Journal of Computer Science and Technology, 29(5): 812--824.Google ScholarCross Ref
- McGookin, D., Brewster, S., Jiang, W., 2008. Investigating touchscreen accessibility for people with visual impairments. Proceedings of the 5th Nordic conference on Human-computer interaction: building bridges, pp. 298--307. Google ScholarDigital Library
- Ananto, B., Sari, R., Harwahyu, R., 2011. Color Transformation for color Blind Compensation on Augmented Reality System. Proceedings of the International Conference on User Science and Engineering (i-USEr), pp. 129--134.Google ScholarCross Ref
- Ahmetovic, D., 2013. Smartphone-assisted mobility in urban environments for visually impaired users through computer vision and sensor fusion. Proceedings of the IEEE 14th Int. Conference on Mobile Data Management, vol. 2, pp. 15--18. Google ScholarDigital Library
- Faria, J., Lopes, S., Fernandes, H., Martins, P., Barroso, J., 2010. Electronic white cane for blind people navigation assistance, World Automation Congress, TSI Press, pp. 1--7.Google Scholar
- Kim, J., Bessho, M., Koshizuka, N., Sakamura, K., 2014. Mobile Applications for Assisting Mobility for the Visually Impaired Using IoT Infrastructure. TRON Symposium, p.1--6.Google Scholar
- Lin, K., Lau, T., Cheuk, C., Liu, Y., 2012. A Wearable Stereo Vision System for Visually Impaired. Proceedings of the IEEE International Conference on Mechatronics and Automation, pp. 1423--1428.Google ScholarCross Ref
- Korbel, P., Skulimowski, P., Wasilewski, P., Wawrzyniak, P., 2013. Mobile Applications Aiding the Visually Impaired in Travelling with Public Transport. Proceedings of the Federated Conference on Computer Science and Information Systems (FedCSIS), pp. 825--828.Google Scholar
- Ludi, S., Canter, A., Ellis, L., Shrestha, A., 2012. Requirements Gathering for Assistive Technology That Includes Low Vision and Sighted Users. Proceedings of the First International Workshop on Usability and Accessibility Focused Requirements Engineering, pp. 25--31. Google ScholarDigital Library
- Araujo, E., 2012. Accessibility Requirements for Deaf in Mobile Learning Environments: Recommendations for Interface, Master Dissertation in Computer Science, UFPE.Google Scholar
- Ayag, D., Bautista, R., Eala, M., Feria, R., 2013. Acceptability of Hear-O as a mobile hearing screening tool. Proc. of the 4th IEEE Int. Conference on Information, Intelligence, Systems and Applications (IISA), pp. 1--6.Google ScholarCross Ref
- Boulares, M., Jemni, M., 2013. Toward a mobile service for hard of hearing people to make information accessible anywhere. Proceedings of the International Conference on Electrical Engineering and Software Applications, pp. 1--5.Google ScholarCross Ref
- Mielke, M., Grunewald, A., Bruck, R., 2013. An assistive technology for hearing-impaired persons: Analysis, requirements and architecture. Proceedings of the 35th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society, pp. 4702--4705.Google ScholarCross Ref
- Kim, J., Huo, X., Ghovanloo, N., 2010. Wireless control of smartphones with tongue motion using tongue drive assistive technology. Annual Int. Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society, pp. 5250--5253.Google Scholar
- Mulhern, N., McCaffrey, N., Beretta, N., Chabot, E., Sun, Y., 2013. Designing Android Applications Using Voice Controlled Commands: For Hands Free Interaction with Common Household Devices. Proceedings of the 39th Annual Northeast Bioengineering Conference, pp. 265--266.Google ScholarCross Ref
- Park, H., Kim, J., Huo, X., Hwang, I., Ghovanloo, M., 2011. New ergonomic headset for tongue-drive system with wireless smartphone interface. Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society, pp. 7344--7347.Google ScholarCross Ref
- Cofre, J., Moraga, G., Rusu, C., Mercado, I., Inostroza, R., Jimenez, C., 2012. Developing a Touchscreen-based Domotic Tool for Users with Motor Disabilities. Proceedings of the Ninth International Conference on Information Technology - New Generations (ITNG), pp. 696--701. Google ScholarDigital Library
- Greeff, M., Kotze, P., 2007. Individual difficulties faced by persons with mobility impairments. Proc. of the IADIS Int. Conference on Interfaces and Human Computer Interaction.Google Scholar
- Tidwell, J., 2010. Designing Interfaces: Patterns for Effective Interaction Design, 2nd Edition. O'Reilly Media Publisher. Google ScholarDigital Library
- Löchtefeld, M., Schardt, P., Krüger, A., Boring, S., 2015. Detecting users handedness for ergonomic adaptation of mobile user interfaces. Proc. 14th ACM Int. Conference on Mobile and Ubiquitous Multimedia, pp. 245--249. Google ScholarDigital Library
- Kjeldskov, J., Stage, J., 2004. New techniques for usability evaluation of mobile systems. International Journal on Human-Computer Studies, 60(5--6):599--620.Google Scholar
- Heo, J., Ham, D., Park, S., Song, C., Yoon, W., 2009. A framework for evaluating the usability of mobile phones based on multi-level, hierarchical model of usability factors. Interacting with Computers, 21(4):263--275. Google ScholarDigital Library
- Fickas, S., Sohlberg, M., Hung, P., 2008. Route-following assistance for travelers with cognitive impairments: A comparison of four prompt modes. International Journal of Human-Computer Studies, 66(12):876--888. Google ScholarDigital Library
- Chien, M., Jheng, C., Lin, N., Tang, H., Taele, P., Tseng, W., Chen, M., 2015. iCAN: A tablet-based pedagogical system for improving communication skills of children with autism. Int. Journal of Human-Computer Studies, vol. 73, pp. 79--90.Google ScholarCross Ref
Index Terms
- Toward accessibility with usability: understanding the requirements of impaired uses in the mobile context
Recommendations
Usability for Accessibility: A Consolidation of Requirements for Mobile Applications
ASSETS '15: Proceedings of the 17th International ACM SIGACCESS Conference on Computers & AccessibilityDifferently of the Web Accessibility Guidelines, which are already consolidated as a reference, the initiatives to develop guidelines for accessible mobile applications are recent and several approaches present only suggestions rather than a concrete ...
An Exploratory Study about Accessibility, Usability and User Experience with the Visually Impaired using Mobile Applications
SBQS '20: Proceedings of the XIX Brazilian Symposium on Software QualityAccessibility, Usability and User eXperience (UX) are relevant software quality criteria. However, Visually Impaired People (VIP) still face barriers in their interaction with applications on mobile devices due to the lack of quality in the criteria ...
Usability of User-Centric Mobile Application Design from Visually Impaired People’s Perspective
Universal Access in Human-Computer Interaction. Design Approaches and Supporting TechnologiesAbstractAll over the world smartphone-based mobile applications increasing rapidly. In the context of this rapid growth, these mobile applications are progressively important in daily life to look for using social media, searching for medical information, ...
Comments