Suzanne Rivard
Abstract
A two-phase study concerned with the factors of success associated with the development of computer applications by end users was conducted in 10 large organizations. During the first phase, in-depth interviews were used to refine a preliminary model of the factors of success for user development of computer applications (UDA). In the second phase, a questionnaire was administered to 272 end users experienced in developing applications. Statistical tests of the relationships in the model indicated that all but one of the derived hypotheses were substantiated. The result of this study is a field-verified model of the factors of success of UDA that provides a basis for implementation of UDA practices and policies in organizations, as well as for further research in end-user computing.
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Index Terms
- Factors of success for end-user computing
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Reviews
Roger D. H. Warburton
How should a data processing (DP) center busy developing company-wide management information systems approach user-developed applications (UDAs)__?__ The spread of microcomputers raises many such questions for managers: Can applications be developed more quickly and cost-effectively__?__ What support (personnel, software tools, training) should be provided__?__ Most importantly, can end-users successfully develop their own applications__?__ This paper proposes, tests, and tentatively verifies several conclusions about end user computing. The success of end user computing is significantly improved when DP actively promotes and supports the concept. Interestingly, user demand alone is not enough for successful UDAs. Another conclusion suggests that end user computing is very demanding. DP must be able to relate well to end users, as well as supply expert support. At the same time, users value independence from DP in deciding what is important, in freedom from DP bureaucracy and perceived high charge-back costs, and in using their own equipment in their own way. Such independence is not always in the best interests of the company. Since computer-literate users have a more positive attitude toward UDAs, it appears that companies can influence this last problem by providing training and selecting tools that users perceive as friendly. The study was conducted in two phases: a field investigation (100 interviews at ten of the 100 largest Canadian businesses) and a survey (1074 questionnaires). A research model was developed and a number of hypotheses formulated. Bivariate analysis was used to test individual hypotheses, and multivariate analysis (partial least squares) was used to analyze the model as a whole. The paper's conclusions have direct applicability for DP managers and suggest useful directions for future research.
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