Abstract
This paper deals with the transaction management aspects of the R* distributed database system. It concentrates primarily on the description of the R* commit protocols, Presumed Abort (PA) and Presumed Commit (PC). PA and PC are extensions of the well-known, two-phase (2P) commit protocol. PA is optimized for read-only transactions and a class of multisite update transactions, and PC is optimized for other classes of multisite update transactions. The optimizations result in reduced intersite message traffic and log writes, and, consequently, a better response time. The paper also discusses R*'s approach toward distributed deadlock detection and resolution.
- 1 ADIBA, M. Derived relations: A unified mechanism for views, snapshots and distributed data. Res. Rep. RJ2881, IBM, San Jose, Calif., July 1980.Google Scholar
- 2 ADIBA, M., AND LINDSAY, B. Database snapshots. In Proceedings of the 6th International Conference on Very Large Data Bases (Montreal, Oct. 1980). IEEE Press, New York, 1980, 86-91.Google Scholar
- 3 AGRAWAL, R., AND CAREY, M. The performance of concurrency control and recovery algorithms for transaction-oriented database systems. Database Eng. 8, 2 (June 1985), 58--67.Google Scholar
- 4 AGRAWAL, R., CAREY, M., AND McVoY, L. The performance of alternative strategies for dealing with deadlocks in database management systems. Tech. Rep. 590, Dept. of Computer Sciences, Univ. of Wisconsin, Madison, Mar. 1985.Google Scholar
- 5 ASTRAHAN, M., BLASGEN, M., CHAMBERLIN, D., GRAY, J., KING, F., LINDSAY, B., LORIE, R., MEHL, J., PRICE, T., PUTZOLU, F., SCHKOLNICK, M., SELINGER, P., SLUTZ, D., STRONG, R., TIBERIO, P., TRAIGER, I., WADE, B., AND YOST, R. System R: A relational data base management system. Computer 12, 5 (May 1979), 43-48.Google ScholarDigital Library
- 6 BEERI, C., AND OBERMARCK, R. A resource class-independent deadlock detection algorithm. In Proceedings of the 7th International Conference on Very Large Data Bases (Cannes, Sept. 1981). IEEE Press, New York, 1981, 166-178.Google Scholar
- 7 BERTINO, E., HAAS, L., AND LINDSAY, B. View management in distributed data base systems. In Proceedings of the 9th International Conference on Very Large Data Bases (Florence, Oct. 1983) VLDB Endowment, 1983, 376-378. Also available as Res. Rep. RJ3851, IBM, San Jose, Calif., Apr. 1983. Google ScholarDigital Library
- 8 BoaR, A. Transaction monitoring in ENCOMPASS: Reliable distributed transaction processing. In Proceedings of the 7th International Conference on Very Large Data Bases (Cannes, Sept. 1981). IEEE Press, New York, 1981, 155-165.Google Scholar
- 9 COOPER, E. Analysis of distributed commit protocols. In Proceedings of the ACM SIGMOD International Conference on Management of Data (Orlando, Fla., June 1982). ACM, New York, 1982, 175-183. Google ScholarDigital Library
- 10 ESWARAN, K. P., GRAY, J. N., LORIE, R., A., AND TRAIGER, I.L. The notions of consistency and predicate locks in a database system. Commun. ACM 19, 11 (Nov. 1976), 624-633. Google ScholarDigital Library
- 11 GAWLICK, D., AND KINKADE, D. Varieties of concurrency control in IMS/VS fast path. Database Eng. 8, 2 (June 1985), 3-10.Google Scholar
- 12 GRAY, J. Notes on data base operating systems. In Operating Systems--An Advanced Course. Lecture Notes in Computer Science, vol. 60. Springer-Verlag, New York, 1978. Google ScholarDigital Library
- 13 GRAY, J. The transaction concept: Virtues and limitations. In Proceedings of the 7th International Conference on Very Large Data Bases (Cannes, Oct. 1981). IEEE Press, New York, 1981, 144-154.Google Scholar
- 14 GRAY, J., MCJONES, P., BLASGEN, M., LINDSAY, B., LORIE, R., PRICE, T., PUTZOLU, F., AND TRAIGER, I. The recovery manager of the system R database manager. ACM Comput. Surv. 13, 2 (June 1981), 223-242. Google ScholarDigital Library
- 15 HAERDER, T., AND REUTER, A. Principles of transaction oriented database recovery--A taxonomy. ACM Cornput. Surv. 15, 4 (Dec. 1983), 287-317. Google ScholarDigital Library
- 16 HAMMER, M., AND SHIPMAN, D. Reliability mechanisms for SDD-I: A system for distributed databases. ACM Trans. Database Syst. 5, 4 (Dec. 1980), 431-466. Google ScholarDigital Library
- 17 LAMPSON, B. Atomic transactions. In Distributed Systems--Architecture and Implementation. Lecture Notes in Computer Science, vol. 100, B. Lampson, Ed. Springer-Verlag, New York, 1980, 246-265. Google ScholarDigital Library
- 18 LINDSAY, B. G., HAAS, L. M., MOHAN, C., WILMS, P. F., AND YOST, R.A. Computation and communication in R*: A distributed database manager. ACM Trans. Cornput. Syst. 2, 1 (Feb. 1984), 24-38. Also Res. Rep. RJ3740, IBM, San Jose, Calif., Jan. 1983. Google ScholarDigital Library
- 19 LINDSAY, B., SELINGER, P., GALTIERI, C., GRAY, J., LORIE, R., PUTZOLU, F., TRAIGER, I., AND WADE, B. Single and multi-site recovery facilities. In Distributed Data Bases, I. W. Draffan and F. Poole, Eds. Cambridge University Press, New York, 1980. Also available as Notes on distributed databases. Res. Rep. RJ2571, IBM, San Jose, Calif., July 1979.Google Scholar
- 20 LOHMAN, G., MOHAN, C., HAAS, L., DANIELS, D., LINDSAY, B., SELINGER, P., AND WILMS, P. Query processing in R*. In Query Processing in Database Systems, W. Kim, D. Reiner, and D. Batory, Eds. Springer-Verlag, New York, 1984. Also Res. Rep. RJ4272, IBM, Apr. 1984.Google Scholar
- 21 MACKERT, L., AND LOHMAN, G. Index scans using a finite LRU buffer: A validated I/O model. Res. Rep. RJ4836, IBM, San Jose, Calif., Sept. 1985.Google Scholar
- 22 MOHAN, C. Tutorial: Recent Advances in Distributed Data Base Management. IEEE catalog number EH0218-8, IEEE Press, New York, 1984. Google ScholarDigital Library
- 23 MOHAN, C., STRONG, R., AND FINKELSTEIN, S. Method for distributed transaction commit and recovery using Byzantine agreement within clusters of processors. In Proceedings o{ the 2nd ACM SIGACT/SIGOPS Symposium on Principles of Distributed Computing (Montreal, Aug. 1983). ACM, New York, 1983, 89-103. Reprinted in ACM/SIGOPS Operating Systems Review, July 1985. Also Res. Rep. RJ3882, IBM, San Jose, Calif., June 1983. Google ScholarDigital Library
- 24 OBERMARCK, R. Distributed deadlock detection algorithm. A CM Trans. Database Syst. 7, 2 (June 1982), 187-208. Google ScholarDigital Library
- 25 ROTHNIE, J. B., JR., BERNSTEIN, P. A., FOX, S., GOODMAN, N., HAMMER, M., LANDERS, T. A., REtirE, C., SHIPMAN, D. W., AND WONG, E. Introduction to a system for distributed databases (SDD-1).ACM Trans. Database Syst. 5, 1 (Mar. 1980), 1-17. Google ScholarDigital Library
- 26 SEERS, D. Nonblocking commit protocols. In Proceedings of the ACM/SIGMOD International Conference on Management of Data (Ann Arbor, Mich., May 1981). ACM, New York, 1981, 133-142. Google ScholarDigital Library
- 27 SKEEN, D. A quorum-based commit protocol. In Proceedings of the 6th Berkeley Workshop on Distributed Data Management and Computer Networks (May 1982). Lawrence Berkeley Laboratories, 1982, 69-90.Google Scholar
- 28 STONEBRAKER, M. Concurrency control and consistency of multiple copies of data in distributed INGRES. IEEE Trans. Softw. Eng. 5, 3 (May 1979), 235-258.Google Scholar
Index Terms
- Transaction management in the R* distributed database management system
Comments