skip to main content
article
Free Access

A case for redundant arrays of inexpensive disks (RAID)

Published:01 June 1988Publication History
Skip Abstract Section

Abstract

Increasing performance of CPUs and memories will be squandered if not matched by a similar performance increase in I/O. While the capacity of Single Large Expensive Disks (SLED) has grown rapidly, the performance improvement of SLED has been modest. Redundant Arrays of Inexpensive Disks (RAID), based on the magnetic disk technology developed for personal computers, offers an attractive alternative to SLED, promising improvements of an order of magnitude in performance, reliability, power consumption, and scalability. This paper introduces five levels of RAIDs, giving their relative cost/performance, and compares RAID to an IBM 3380 and a Fujitsu Super Eagle.

References

  1. Bell 84 C G Bell, "The Mml and Micro Industries,' IEEE Computer Vol 17 No 10(October 1984),pp 14-30 Google ScholarGoogle ScholarDigital LibraryDigital Library
  2. Joy 85 B Jo~ prc~entauon at ISSCC '85 panel session, Feb 1985Google ScholarGoogle Scholar
  3. Siewiorek 82 D P Ssea~orek, C G Bell, and A Ne~ell, Computer Strm tl~rc ~ Prm, lple~ and Example~, p 46Google ScholarGoogle Scholar
  4. Moore 75 G E Moore, "Progress sn Digital Integrated Electromcs," Proc IEEE Dtgttal Integrated Electrom6 Device Meeting, (1975), p 11Google ScholarGoogle Scholar
  5. Myers 86 G J Myers A Y C Yu, and D L House, "Microprocessor Technology Trend~ " Proc IEEE, Vol 74, no 12, (December 1986), pp 1605-1622Google ScholarGoogle ScholarCross RefCross Ref
  6. Garcia 84 H Garc~a Mohna, R Culhngford, P Honeyman, R Lipton, "The Case for Massive Memory," Techmeal Report 326, Dept of EE and CS, Pnnceton Umv, May 1984Google ScholarGoogle Scholar
  7. Myers 86 W Myers, "The Compettuveness of the Umted States Disk Industry," IEEE Computer, Vol 19, No 11 (January 1986), pp 85-90Google ScholarGoogle Scholar
  8. Frank 87 P D Frank, "Advances m Head Technology," presentaUon at Challenges m Dzsk Technology She, t Course, Institute for Informauon Storage Technology, Santa Clara Untvers~ty, Santa Clara, Cahfomxa, ~mber 15-17, 1987Google ScholarGoogle Scholar
  9. Stevens 81 L D Stevens, "The Evoluuon of Magnetic Storage," IBM Journal of Research and Development, Voi 25, No 5, Sept 1981, pp 663-675Google ScholarGoogle ScholarDigital LibraryDigital Library
  10. Harker 81 J M Harker et al, "A Quarter Century of Disk File Innovataon," tb~d, pp 677-689 Google ScholarGoogle ScholarDigital LibraryDigital Library
  11. Amdahl 67 G M Amdahl, "Vahdaty of the single processor approach to achieving large scale computing eapabd~ttes," Procee&ngs AFIPS 1967 Spnng Joint Computer Conference Vol 30 (Aflantte City, New Jersey April 1967), pp 483-485Google ScholarGoogle Scholar
  12. Boral 83 H Boral and D J DeWltt, "Database Machines An Ideas Whose Ttme Has Passed9 A Cnttque of the Future of Database Machines," Proc International Conf on Database Mactunes, Edited by H -O Lelheh and M Mtsskoff, Spnnger-Verlag, Berhn, 1983Google ScholarGoogle Scholar
  13. IBM 87 "IBM 3380 Dtreet Access Storage Introdueuon," IBM GC 26-4491-0, September 1987Google ScholarGoogle Scholar
  14. Gawlick 87 D Gawhek, private eommumeatton, Nov, 1987Google ScholarGoogle Scholar
  15. Fujitsu 87 "M2361A Mm~-Dssk Drive Englneenng Speelfleauons," (revased) Feb, 1987, B03P-4825-0001AGoogle ScholarGoogle Scholar
  16. Adaptec 87 AIC-6250, IC Product Grade, Adaptec, stock # DB0003-00 rev B, 1987, p 46Google ScholarGoogle Scholar
  17. Livny 87 Llvny, M, S Khoshahan, H Boral, "Multi-disk management algorithms," ~roc ofACM SIGMETRICS, May 1987 Google ScholarGoogle ScholarDigital LibraryDigital Library
  18. Kim 86 M Y Kim, "Synehromzed desk interleaving," IEEE Trans on Computers, vol C-35, no 11, Nov 1986 Google ScholarGoogle ScholarDigital LibraryDigital Library
  19. Salem 86 K Salem and Garcm-Mohna, H, "Dssk Striping," IEEE 1986 lnt Con/on Data Engmeenng, 1986 Google ScholarGoogle ScholarDigital LibraryDigital Library
  20. Bitton 88 D Bitton and J Gray, "Desk Shadowing," m press, 1988Google ScholarGoogle Scholar
  21. Kurzweil 88 F Kurzwell, "Small Dask Arrays - The Emerging Approach to H~gh Performance," presentauon at Spnng COMPCON 88, March 1, 1988, San Francisco, CAGoogle ScholarGoogle Scholar
  22. Hamming 50 R W Hamming, "Error Detecting and Correcting Codes," The Bell System Techmcal Journal, Vol XXVI, No 2 (April 1950), pp 147-160Google ScholarGoogle ScholarCross RefCross Ref
  23. Hillis 87 D Htlhs, private eommumeauon, October, 1987Google ScholarGoogle Scholar
  24. Park 86 A Park and K Balasubramaman, "Provldmg Fault Tolerance m Parallel Secondary Storage Systems," Department of Computer Science, Prmeeton Omversaty, CS.TR-057-86, Nov 7, 1986Google ScholarGoogle Scholar
  25. Maginnis 87 N B Magmms, "Store More, Spend Less Meal-range Opttons Abound,"Computerworld, Nov 16, 1987, p 71Google ScholarGoogle Scholar
  26. Denning 78 Pj Denning and D P Slutz, "Generahzed Workang Sets for Segment Reference Strings," CACM, vol 21, no 9, (Sept. 1978) pp 750-759 Google ScholarGoogle ScholarDigital LibraryDigital Library
  27. Bell 85 Bell, C G, "Mult~s a new class of muitzproeessor computers,"Sc~ence, voL 228 (Alm126, 1985) 462-467Google ScholarGoogle Scholar

Index Terms

  1. A case for redundant arrays of inexpensive disks (RAID)

        Recommendations

        Comments

        Login options

        Check if you have access through your login credentials or your institution to get full access on this article.

        Sign in

        Full Access

        • Published in

          cover image ACM SIGMOD Record
          ACM SIGMOD Record  Volume 17, Issue 3
          June 1988
          431 pages
          ISSN:0163-5808
          DOI:10.1145/971701
          Issue’s Table of Contents
          • cover image ACM Conferences
            SIGMOD '88: Proceedings of the 1988 ACM SIGMOD international conference on Management of data
            June 1988
            443 pages
            ISBN:0897912683
            DOI:10.1145/50202

          Copyright © 1988 ACM

          Permission to make digital or hard copies of all or part of this work for personal or classroom use is granted without fee provided that copies are not made or distributed for profit or commercial advantage and that copies bear this notice and the full citation on the first page. Copyrights for components of this work owned by others than ACM must be honored. Abstracting with credit is permitted. To copy otherwise, or republish, to post on servers or to redistribute to lists, requires prior specific permission and/or a fee. Request permissions from [email protected]

          Publisher

          Association for Computing Machinery

          New York, NY, United States

          Publication History

          • Published: 1 June 1988

          Check for updates

          Qualifiers

          • article

        PDF Format

        View or Download as a PDF file.

        PDF

        eReader

        View online with eReader.

        eReader