The Nucleation with SnCl2 ‐ PdCl2 Solutions of Glass Before Electroless Plating

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© 1973 ECS - The Electrochemical Society
, , Citation C. H. de Minjer and P. F. J. v. d. Boom 1973 J. Electrochem. Soc. 120 1644 DOI 10.1149/1.2403321

1945-7111/120/12/1644

Abstract

It has been generally accepted that metallic palladium nuclei are formed by the nucleation procedure of nonconducting substrates with stannous chloride and palladium chloride solutions. However, results of experiments on glass using radioactive tracers and ellipsometry have shown that no metallic palladium is present after the nucleation procedure. The results indicate that presumably a tin‐palladium complex, containing one palladium atom per two tin atoms is formed and that this initiates the nickel‐phosphorus deposition from a suitable electroless plating solution.

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10.1149/1.2403321