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Smectite-Type Clay Minerals as Nanomaterials

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  01 January 2024

Robert A. Schoonheydt
Robert A. Schoonheydt*
Affiliation:
Center for Surface Chemistry and Catalysis, Department of Interphase Chemistry, K.U. Leuven, Kasteelpark Arenberg 20, 3001 Leuven, Belgium
*
*E-mail address of corresponding author: robert.schoonheydt@agr.kuleuven.ac.be
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Abstract

Dilute aqueous smectite suspensions are well suited to convert into functional nanofilms. The functionalization is performed by ion exchange of amphiphilic molecules carrying the desired functionality. A functionalized clay mineral nanofilm is obtained by the organization of the molecules at the clay surface and by the organization of the elementary clay platelets in the film. Two techniques are presented: self-assembling and Langmuir-Blodgett (LB). Self-assembling is a very simple experiment, but the organizational order of the clay mineral particles is low. Nevertheless, films with nonlinear optical properties which are able to generate frequency-doubled light have been produced. The drawback of disorder of the clay platelets in the film can be largely overcome with the LB technique. Well organized films are obtained. In the presence of amphiphilic ruthenium(II)-bipyridine complexes, nonlinear optical properties are measured. In the presence of two dyes, oxacarbocyanine and rhodamine B, simultaneously adsorbed, efficient energy transfer between the donor (oxacarbocyanine) and the acceptor (rhodamine B) is measured. Fundamental research into the organization of molecules at clay mineral platelets is necessary to optimize the materials for specific applications.

Keywords

Langmuir-BlodgettNanomaterialsSelf-assemblingSmectite
Type
Research Article
Information
Clays and Clay Minerals , Volume 50 , Issue 4 , August 2002 , pp. 411 - 420
Copyright
Copyright © 2002, The Clay Minerals Society

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Footnotes

†

This paper is based on the G.W. Brindley lecture delivered at the 38th Annual Meeting of The Clay Minerals Society in Madison, Wisconsin on 18 June 2001.

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