Abstract
Interlayer K in muscovite, biotite, phlogopite, illite and vermiculite-hydrobiotite samples was replaced by cation exchange with Na. The rate and amount of exchange varied with the mineral and the level of K in solution.
Essentially, all the K in muscovite, biotite, phlogopite and vermiculite was exchangeable when the mass-action effect of the replaced KT was reduced by maintaining a very low level of K in solution. The time required for this exchange varied from < 10 hr with vermiculite to > 45 weeks with muscovite. Only 66% of the K in the illite was exchangeable under these conditions. When the replaced K was allowed to accumulate in the solution, the amount of exchange was determined by the level of K in solution required for equilibrium. These levels decreased with the degree of K-depletion and with the selectivity of the mica for K. The order of selectivity was muscovite > illite > biotite > phlogopite > vermiculite. Decreasing the K in solution from 10 to 7 ppm increased the exchangeable K in biotite from 30 to 100%. A K level of only 0.1 ppm restricted the exchange of K in muscovite to 17%.
A decrease in layer charge was not required for K exchange, but a decrease did occur in K-depleted biotite and vermiculite. Muscovite with the highest layer charge (247 meq/100 g), least expansion with Na (12.3Å), and least sensitivity to solution pH had the highest selectivity for K and the slowest rate of exchange. The K in vermiculite was the most readily exchangeable.
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Journal Paper No. J-5216 of the Iowa Agricultural and Home Economics Experiment Station, Ames, Iowa, Project No. 1234.
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Scott, A.D., Smith, S.J. Susceptibility of Interlayer Potassium in Micas to Exchange with Sodium. Clays Clay Miner. 14, 69–81 (1966). https://doi.org/10.1346/CCMN.1966.0140106
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1346/CCMN.1966.0140106