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Licensed Unlicensed Requires Authentication Published by De Gruyter August 25, 2018

Synthesis and characterization of size- and shape-controlled silver nanoparticles

  • Suparna Mukherji

    Dr Suparna Mukherji completed her B.Tech. in Energy Engineering from Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur (Kharagpur, India); M.S. in Civil and Environmental Engineering from Clarkson University (Potsdam, USA); and Ph.D. in Environmental Engineering from University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, USA. She joined IIT Bombay in 1998 and is currently Professor in the Centre for Environmental Science and Engineering (CESE) at IIT Bombay. She received the DBT Women Bioscientist Award in 2009 and AICTE Career Award for Young Teachers in 2000. Her research interests include: Environmental application of nanomaterials; biodegradation & bioremediation and water and wastewater treatment.

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    , Sharda Bharti

    Ms. Sharda Bharti completed her M. Tech. degree from the Centre for Environmental Science and Engineering (CESE), IIT Bombay in 2014. She is currently pursuing PhD at CESE, IIT Bombay under the supervision of Prof Suparna Mukherji and Prof Soumyo Mukherji. Her current research focuses on the synthesis of shape-controlled silver nanoparticles using various synthesis methods including chemical, photochemical and biological approaches, characterization and their application as an alternative antimicrobial agent for point-of-use water disinfection.

    , Gauri Shukla

    Ms. Gauri M. Shukla received her M. Tech degree from department of Bioscience and Bioengineering, IIT Bombay in 2010. Presently, she is pursuing PhD at Bioscience and Bioengineering, IIT Bombay under the supervision of Prof Soumyo Mukherji and Prof Tapanendu Kundu, Department of Physics, IIT Bombay. Her current research focuses on the synthesis of silver nanoparticles and their applications as an optical sensor.

    and Soumyo Mukherji

    Dr Soumyo Mukherji did his B.Tech. in Instrumentation Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology (Kharagpur), MS in Mechanical Engineering, Colorado State University (Fort Collins, USA) and Ph.D. in Biomedical Engineering, University of North Carolina (Chapel Hill, USA). After his PhD, he joined IIT Bombay in 1997, where he is now a Professor in the Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering. He was the Head of the Centre for Research in Nanotechnology and Sciences at IIT Bombay from 2010 to 2013. His research interests are in sensors and instruments for wide-scale deployment in resource-constrained locales for medical and environmental applications, mobile health, security, etc.

From the journal Physical Sciences Reviews

Abstract

Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) have application potential in diverse areas ranging from wound healing to catalysis and sensing. The possibility for optimizing the physical, chemical and optical properties for an application by tailoring the shape and size of silver nanoparticles has motived much research on methods for synthesis of size- and shape-controlled AgNPs. The shape and size of AgNPs are reported to vary depending on choice of the Ag precursor salt, reducing agent, stabilizing agent and on the synthesis technique used. This chapter provides a detailed review on various synthesis approaches that may be used for synthesis of AgNPs of desired size and shape. Silver nanoparticles may be synthesized using diverse routes, including, physical, chemical, photochemical, biological and microwave -based techniques. Synthesis of AgNPs of diverse shapes, such as, nanospheres, nanorods, nanobars, nanoprisms, decahedral nanoparticles and triangular bipyramids is also discussed for chemical-, photochemical- and microwave-based synthesis routes. The choice of chemicals used for reduction and stabilization of nanoparticles is found to influence their shape and size significantly. A discussion on the mechanism of synthesis of AgNPs through nucleation and growth processes is discussed for AgNPs of varying shape and sizes so as to provide an insight on the various synthesis routes. Techniques, such as, electron microscopy, spectroscopy, and crystallography that can be used for characterizing the AgNPs formed in terms of their shape, sizes, crystal structure and chemical composition are also discussed in this chapter.

Graphical Abstract:

About the authors

Suparna Mukherji

Dr Suparna Mukherji completed her B.Tech. in Energy Engineering from Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur (Kharagpur, India); M.S. in Civil and Environmental Engineering from Clarkson University (Potsdam, USA); and Ph.D. in Environmental Engineering from University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, USA. She joined IIT Bombay in 1998 and is currently Professor in the Centre for Environmental Science and Engineering (CESE) at IIT Bombay. She received the DBT Women Bioscientist Award in 2009 and AICTE Career Award for Young Teachers in 2000. Her research interests include: Environmental application of nanomaterials; biodegradation & bioremediation and water and wastewater treatment.

Sharda Bharti

Ms. Sharda Bharti completed her M. Tech. degree from the Centre for Environmental Science and Engineering (CESE), IIT Bombay in 2014. She is currently pursuing PhD at CESE, IIT Bombay under the supervision of Prof Suparna Mukherji and Prof Soumyo Mukherji. Her current research focuses on the synthesis of shape-controlled silver nanoparticles using various synthesis methods including chemical, photochemical and biological approaches, characterization and their application as an alternative antimicrobial agent for point-of-use water disinfection.

Gauri Shukla

Ms. Gauri M. Shukla received her M. Tech degree from department of Bioscience and Bioengineering, IIT Bombay in 2010. Presently, she is pursuing PhD at Bioscience and Bioengineering, IIT Bombay under the supervision of Prof Soumyo Mukherji and Prof Tapanendu Kundu, Department of Physics, IIT Bombay. Her current research focuses on the synthesis of silver nanoparticles and their applications as an optical sensor.

Soumyo Mukherji

Dr Soumyo Mukherji did his B.Tech. in Instrumentation Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology (Kharagpur), MS in Mechanical Engineering, Colorado State University (Fort Collins, USA) and Ph.D. in Biomedical Engineering, University of North Carolina (Chapel Hill, USA). After his PhD, he joined IIT Bombay in 1997, where he is now a Professor in the Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering. He was the Head of the Centre for Research in Nanotechnology and Sciences at IIT Bombay from 2010 to 2013. His research interests are in sensors and instruments for wide-scale deployment in resource-constrained locales for medical and environmental applications, mobile health, security, etc.

Abbreviations

2,7-DHN

2,7-DHN: 2,7- dihydroxy naphthalene

Ag HNPs

Hexagonal Ag Nanoplates

Ag2S

Silver sulfide

AgBr

Silver bromide

AgCl

Sodium chloride

AgNO3

Silver nitrate

AgNPs

Silver nanoparticles

AgNWs

Silver nanowires

BNAH

N-benzyl-1,4-dihydronicotinamide

BSPP

Bis(p-sulfonatophenyl) phenylphosphine dihydrate dipotassium

CF3COOAg

trifluoroacetate

CTA+

Hexadecyltrimethyl ammonium ions

CTAB

Cetyltrimethylammonium bromide

CTAT

Cetyltrimethylammonium tosylate

CuCl

Copper (I) chloride

CuCl2

Copper(II) chloride

CVC

Chemical vapour condensation

DBE

Diethylene glycol monobutyl ether

DEE

Diethylene glycol monoethyl ether

DHE

Diethylene glycol monohexyl ether

DLS

Dynamic Light Scattering

DMAB

Dimethylaminoborane

DME

Diethylene glycol monomethyl ether

DMF

N,N-dimethylformamide

DPE

Diethylene glycol monopropyl ether

EDS

Energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy

EG

Ethylene glycol

FeCl3

Iron(III) chloride

FWHM

Full width at half maximum

HCl

Hydrochloric acid

HNO3

Nitric acid

HRTEM

High-resolution transmission electron microscopy

I-2959

Irgacure 2959

KBr

Potassium bromide

KCl

Potassium chloride

LED

Light Emission Diodes

MTPs

Multiply twinned particles

MW

Molecular weight

N2H4·H2O

Hydrazine hydrate

Na2S

Sodium sulfide

NaBH4

Sodium borohydride

NaBr

Sodium bromide

NaCl

Sodium chloride

NaOH

Sodium hydroxide

NDs

Nanodecahedron

NMP

N-methyl pyrollidone

NMP

N-methylpyrrolidone

PAA

Poly(acrylic acid, sodium salt)

PAM

Polyacrylamide

PEG

Polyethylene glycol

PEO

Poly(ethylene oxide)

PPO

Poly(propylene oxide)

Pro K

Protease K

PSS

Poly(styrene sulfonate)/poly(sodium styrenesulphonate)/

PSSS

poly (sodium styrenesulphonate) (PSSS)

PVC

Physical vapour condensation

PVDF

Polyvinylidenefluoride

PVE

Poly(methyl vinyl ether)

PVP

Polyvinyl pyrrolidone

SAED

Selected area electron diffraction

AgClO4

Silver perchlorate

SDBS

Sodium dodecyl benzene sulphonate

SDS

Sodium dodecyl sulphate

SDSN

Sodium dodecylsulfonate

SEM

Scanning electron microscopy

SERS

Surface emhanced Raman scattering

SnP

Sn(IV) tetra(N-methyl-4-pyridyl) porphyrin tetratosylate chloride

TA

Tannic acid

TGA

Thioglycolic acid

TSC

Tri-sodium citrate/sodium citrate

TX-100

Poly(oxyethylene isooctyl phenyl ether

UV

Ultraviolet

XRD

X-ray diffraction

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Published Online: 2018-08-25

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