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Licensed Unlicensed Requires Authentication Published by De Gruyter December 20, 2016

Hydrodynamic cavitation: an emerging technology for the intensification of various chemical and physical processes in a chemical process industry

  • Jitendra Carpenter

    Jitendra Carpenter is a PhD scholar at the Department of Chemical Engineering working under Dr. Virendra Kumar Saharan at MNIT Jaipur. He is currently working in the area of cavitation and its application in emulsification and other chemical processes. He has completed his master’s degree in chemical engineering at Ujjain Engineering College, Ujjain, India, in 2013. He has published three research articles and presented three research papers at international conferences.

    , Mandar Badve

    Mandar Badve is currently working as a postdoctoral fellow at the University of Birmingham. He earned his PhD (Tech) degree at the Institute of Chemical Technology, Mumbai, India, in 2015. During his PhD, he studied the application of hydrodynamic cavitation in various fields such as wastewater treatment, paper and pulp, and water disinfection. He has published eight research articles in SCI journals and one book chapter and presented two papers at international conferences.

    , Sunil Rajoriya

    Sunil Rajoriya is a PhD scholar working under Dr. Virendra Kumar Saharan at the Chemical Engineering Department, MNIT, Jaipur. He has completed his master’s degree at Shaheed Bhagat Singh State Technical Campus, Ferozepur. He is currently working on the treatment of biorefractory pollutants from wastewater using hydrodynamic cavitation. He has published two research articles in international journals and presented one at an international conference.

    , Suja George

    Suja George is an associate professor at the Chemical Engineering Department and an associate dean of International Affairs at NIT Jaipur, India. She earned her PhD degree at the Malaviya National Institute of Technology, Jaipur, India, in 2009. Her current research interests include water and wastewater treatment, process modeling simulation and control, microbial fuel cell, and synthesis of nanomaterials. She has published 10 research articles in SCI journals, presented 50 papers at national and international conferences, and guided 10 master’s theses so far.

    , Virendra Kumar Saharan

    Virendra Kumar Saharan is an assistant professor at the Chemical Engineering Department, NIT Jaipur, India. He earned his PhD (Tech) degree at the Institute of Chemical Technology, Mumbai, India, in 2013. During his PhD, he studied the application of hydrodynamic cavitation in various fields such as degradation of biorefractory pollutants, emulsification, particle size reduction, nanomaterial synthesis, and water disinfection. His current research interests include process intensification, sonochemistry, nanoparticle synthesis, and nanoemulsion. He has published 13 research articles in SCI journals and a book chapter and presented four papers at international conferences.

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    and Aniruddha B. Pandit

    Aniruddha B. Pandit is a professor at the Chemical Engineering Department and a dean of Student Affairs and Human Resource Development (SA and HRD) at the Institute of Chemical Technology, Mumbai. He has been instrumental in starting a major activity and a program in the area of hydrodynamic cavitation for the intensification of physical and chemical processing applications. Prof. Pandit has authored more than 300 publications, five books, and more than 12 chapters with more than 13,000 citations, and he has five patents. He is on the editorial board of five international scientific journals. He has guided 35 PhD and 55 master’s students so far.

Abstract

Hydrodynamic cavitation (HC) has been explored by many researchers over the years after the first publication on hydrolysis of fatty oils using HC was published by Pandit and Joshi [Pandit AB, Joshi JB. Hydrolysis of fatty oils: effect of cavitation. Chem Eng Sci 1993; 48: 3440–3442]. Before this publication, most of the studies related to cavitation in hydraulic system were concentrated to avoid the generation of cavities/cavitating conditions. The fundamental concept was to harness the energy released by cavities in a positive way for various chemical and mechanical processes. In HC, cavitation is generated by a combination of flow constriction and pressure-velocity conditions, which are monitored in such a way that cavitating conditions will be reached in a flowing system and thus generate hot spots. It allows the entire process to operate at otherwise ambient conditions of temperature and pressure while generating the cavitating conditions locally. In this review paper, we have explained in detail various cavitating devices and the effect of geometrical and operating parameters that affect the cavitation conditions. The optimization of different cavitating devices is discussed, and some strategies have been suggested for designing these devices for different applications. Also, various applications of HC such as wastewater treatment, preparation of nanoemulsions, biodiesel synthesis, water disinfection, and nanoparticle synthesis were discussed in detail.

About the authors

Jitendra Carpenter

Jitendra Carpenter is a PhD scholar at the Department of Chemical Engineering working under Dr. Virendra Kumar Saharan at MNIT Jaipur. He is currently working in the area of cavitation and its application in emulsification and other chemical processes. He has completed his master’s degree in chemical engineering at Ujjain Engineering College, Ujjain, India, in 2013. He has published three research articles and presented three research papers at international conferences.

Mandar Badve

Mandar Badve is currently working as a postdoctoral fellow at the University of Birmingham. He earned his PhD (Tech) degree at the Institute of Chemical Technology, Mumbai, India, in 2015. During his PhD, he studied the application of hydrodynamic cavitation in various fields such as wastewater treatment, paper and pulp, and water disinfection. He has published eight research articles in SCI journals and one book chapter and presented two papers at international conferences.

Sunil Rajoriya

Sunil Rajoriya is a PhD scholar working under Dr. Virendra Kumar Saharan at the Chemical Engineering Department, MNIT, Jaipur. He has completed his master’s degree at Shaheed Bhagat Singh State Technical Campus, Ferozepur. He is currently working on the treatment of biorefractory pollutants from wastewater using hydrodynamic cavitation. He has published two research articles in international journals and presented one at an international conference.

Suja George

Suja George is an associate professor at the Chemical Engineering Department and an associate dean of International Affairs at NIT Jaipur, India. She earned her PhD degree at the Malaviya National Institute of Technology, Jaipur, India, in 2009. Her current research interests include water and wastewater treatment, process modeling simulation and control, microbial fuel cell, and synthesis of nanomaterials. She has published 10 research articles in SCI journals, presented 50 papers at national and international conferences, and guided 10 master’s theses so far.

Virendra Kumar Saharan

Virendra Kumar Saharan is an assistant professor at the Chemical Engineering Department, NIT Jaipur, India. He earned his PhD (Tech) degree at the Institute of Chemical Technology, Mumbai, India, in 2013. During his PhD, he studied the application of hydrodynamic cavitation in various fields such as degradation of biorefractory pollutants, emulsification, particle size reduction, nanomaterial synthesis, and water disinfection. His current research interests include process intensification, sonochemistry, nanoparticle synthesis, and nanoemulsion. He has published 13 research articles in SCI journals and a book chapter and presented four papers at international conferences.

Aniruddha B. Pandit

Aniruddha B. Pandit is a professor at the Chemical Engineering Department and a dean of Student Affairs and Human Resource Development (SA and HRD) at the Institute of Chemical Technology, Mumbai. He has been instrumental in starting a major activity and a program in the area of hydrodynamic cavitation for the intensification of physical and chemical processing applications. Prof. Pandit has authored more than 300 publications, five books, and more than 12 chapters with more than 13,000 citations, and he has five patents. He is on the editorial board of five international scientific journals. He has guided 35 PhD and 55 master’s students so far.

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Received: 2016-7-13
Accepted: 2016-9-12
Published Online: 2016-12-20
Published in Print: 2017-8-28

©2017 Walter de Gruyter GmbH, Berlin/Boston

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