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Licensed Unlicensed Requires Authentication Published by De Gruyter May 3, 2011

Fundamental understanding of pulp property development under different thermomechanical pulp refining conditions as observed by a new Simons’ staining method and SEM observation of the ultrastructure of fibre surfaces

  • Dinesh Fernando EMAIL logo , Dino Muhić , Per Engstrand and Geoffrey Daniel
From the journal Holzforschung

Abstract

The morphological and chemical characteristics of cell walls govern the response of wood fibre to mechanical pulping processes and thereby influence the energy efficiency of the process and determine most pulp and paper properties. A study has been carried out at the microstructural/ultrastructural level of fibre cell walls by means of a newly developed Simons’ staining (SS) method and scanning electron microscopy to characterize thermomechanical pulps (TMPs) produced under different refining conditions. The SS method allows assessment and quantification of pulp fibre development during the process in terms of cell wall delamination/internal fibrillation (D/IF) under different process conditions, and the degree of D/IF can be statistically evaluated for different TMP types. In focus was never-dried Norway spruce TMP from primary stage double-disc refining running in a full-scale mill, where specific refining energy was varied at different refining pressure levels. Improved energy efficiency was gained at the same tensile index level when applying high pressure (temperature). Under conditions of high pressure and refining energy, a significant enhancement of the degree of D/IF of pulp fibres was observed. The surface ultrastructure of these fibres exhibited an exposed S2 layer with long ribbon-type fibrillation compared to pulps produced with lower pressure and energy input. A given TMP type can be classified in the categories of high-severity and low-severity changes and quasi-untreated concerning the degree of D/IF of its fibres. The relative proportions of these are important for the development of pulp properties such as tensile strength. The presence of higher amounts of fibre fractions in the categories high D/IF and low D/IF will improve the tensile index of a TMP.


Corresponding author. Wood Ultrastructure Research Centre (WURC), Department of Forest Products/Wood Science, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, P.O. Box 7008, SE-750 07 Uppsala, Sweden

Received: 2010-9-17
Accepted: 2011-3-14
Published Online: 2011-05-03
Published Online: 2011-05-3
Published in Print: 2011-10-01

©2011 by Walter de Gruyter Berlin Boston

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