Abstract
Various types of wound-associated wood, such as discoloured wood including knots of living and dead branches, were sampled from common beech trees (Fagus sylvatica L.), extracted, and the extracts have been analysed by GC and colourimetry assay. Sequential pressurised solvent extraction was applied with cyclohexane and aqueous methanol. The yield of hydrophilic compounds was three to five times higher than that of lipophilic extractives. The fractions differed mainly in their hydrophilic moieties. The lipophilic extractives consisted mainly of free fatty acids, fatty alcohols and free sterols. The yield of fatty acids was slightly higher in reaction zones and knots. The content of free sterols was highest in the reaction zones and in the discoloured wood. The hydrophilic extractives consisted of soluble sugars, various acids and phenolic compounds with catechin as the dominant one. Expectedly, the yield of phenolic extractives and catechin (proanthocyanidins) was highest in knots and wound-wood. Discoloured wood gave rise to lower amounts of catechin.
Acknowledgments
The authors thank the Slovenian Research Agency (project J-43263-0491-01 and research program P4-0015) and the COST action FP 0901 for financial support during STSM. We also express our gratitude to Robert Krajnc (Slovenian Forestry Institute) for technical help and Dr. Karin Fackler and all members of the Working Group for Bioresource Technology at the Vienna Technical University for providing professional assistance.
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