Abstract
Lignins are among the most common plant polymers and demonstrate pronounced electrical conductivity properties due to their conjugated polymolecular aromatic structure and polyfunctional nature. Electrical conductivity and dielectric properties of lignins from conifers and deciduous trees in the range of electric field frequencies from 10−2 to 107 Hz were investigated by means of dielectric spectroscopy. Characteristic parameters of static and high frequency electrical conductivity were calculated. To study the influence of the lignins functional nature on their electrophysical properties, the study determined three types of relaxators (separate charges or charge systems in the structure of a substance changing their position in space when exposed to an external alternating electric field) in the structure of the lignin macromolecule. Low-frequency relaxators are associated with oscillations of methoxyl groups. Mid-frequency relaxators correspond predominantly to phenolic hydroxyl groups and to hydroxyl groups of adsorbed water. High-frequency relaxators correspond to the hopping of π-electrons along the chain of conjugated bonds of a benzene ring. Differences in the structure and functional nature of lignins from conifers and deciduous trees cause different contributions of low-frequency relaxators. As a result, these features form differences in the electrophysical properties of lignins from conifers and deciduous trees.
Funding source: Russian Foundation for Basic Research
Award Identifier / Grant number: 18-03-00672А
Funding source: by the project agreement
Award Identifier / Grant number: no. АААА-А18-118012390231-9
Acknowledgments
This work was supported by the Russian Foundation for Basic Research, project no. 18-03-00672А and by the project agreement no. АААА-А18-118012390231-9. We used the equipment Centre of Collective Use of Scientific Equipment (Federal Center for Integrated Arctic Research, Russia) and the instrumentation of the Core Facility Center “Arktika” of Northern (Arctic) Federal University, Russia (unique identifier RFMEFI59417X0013). The authors would also like to thank Dr. Shkaeva N.V. for assisting with the TGA- and DSK-measurements.
Research funding: None declared.
Conflict of interest statement: The paper contains original research and has not been submitted/published earlier in any journal and is not being considered for publication elsewhere. The paper has been submitted with full responsibility, following due ethical procedure, and there is no duplicate publication, fraud and plagiarism. None of the authors of this paper has a financial or personal relationship with other people or organizations that could inappropriately influence or bias the content of the paper.
Author contributions: All the authors have seen and approved the manuscript, contributed siginificantly to it, accepted responsibility for the entire content of this submitted manuscript and approved submission.
Employment or leadership: None declared.
Honorarium: None declared.
Article Note: This article is related to special issue The 15th European Workshop on Lignocellulosics and Pulp (Aveiro, Portugal, June 26–29, 2018) published in Holzforschung 2020, vol. 74, issue 2.
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