Abstract
Scrap tyres represent a severe environmental problem that must be solved by developing technologies allowing the processing of high quantities of this residue. This work presents the results of pyrolysis oil and pyrolytic char production by intermediate pyrolysis of rubber recovered from scrap tyres. The influence of process variables such as particle size, temperature and reaction time on the characteristics of the products obtained was analysed. Maximal yields of 52.56 and 39.50 wt% of pyrolysis oil and pyrolytic char, respectively, were obtained, under operational conditions that favoured the production of pyrolysis oil. The products obtained were a pyrolytic char with a maximal surface area of 85.16 m2/g and fixed carbon content of 78.55 wt%; and pyrolysis oil with a higher heating value of 42.94 MJ/kg, real density of 0.948 g/mL, viscosity 2.29×10−3 Pa s and acidity between 0.39 and 1.57 mg KOH/g. The highest total aromatics (benzene, toluene, xylenes and ethylbenzene) yield in pyrolysis oil was obtained at a temperature of 466°C and volumetric gas flow of 155 NmL/min. In addition, at these conditions, the pyrolysis oil having the maximum aromatic yield showed the lowest acidity. Nevertheless, it was observed that the highest pyrolysis oil yield does not necessarily lead to a higher yield of aromatics.
Funding statement: Funding: This work was funded by the “Vicerrectoría de Investigación y Extensión” from Universidad Industrial de Santander (“Rubber valorization from scrap tyres as raw material for oil and activated carbon production”, grant/award number 5457). The authors also acknowledge to Universidad de los Andes for financial support (“Sensor development for detection and quantification of sulphur components present in gaseous effluents during pyrolysis of scrap tyres” Cod. 6450-1235-22). R. Acosta is grateful to Colciencias for the Young Researcher scholarship. C. Tavera is grateful to Colciencias for the PhD scholarship.
Acknowledgments
The authors want to acknowledge to Silvia Moncada, Yenny Sánchez and Diego Villamizar for their participation in some of the experiments.
References
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