Skip to content
Licensed Unlicensed Requires Authentication Published by De Gruyter December 1, 2020

Effects of local oscillator on the performance of DP-QPSK WDM system with channel spacing of 37.5 GHz

  • Neeraj Sharma ORCID logo EMAIL logo , Sunil Agrawal , Vinod Kapoor and Sumit Budhiraja ORCID logo

Abstract

Dual-polarization quadrature phase shift keying (DP-QPSK) modulation format is emerging as a main contender for 37.5 GHz frequency grid of WDM systems. However, the optical add drop multiplexers (OADMs) affect the performance of the system because of narrow channel spacing. The local oscillator (LO) is an important component of the digital coherent receiver. This paper analyzes the effects of LO parameter on the performance of the considered system. It is exhibited that optimum range of optical power and laser linewidth of the LO helps in improving the performance of the considered system.


Corresponding author: Neeraj Sharma, U.I.E.T., Panjab University, Chandigarh, India, E-mail:

  1. Author contribution: All the authors have accepted responsibility for the entire content of this submitted manuscript and approved submission.

  2. Research funding: None declared.

  3. Conflict of interest statement: The authors declare no conflicts of interest regarding this article.

References

1. Lach, E, Idler, W. Modulation formats for 100G and beyond. Opt Fiber Technol 2011;17:377–86. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.yofte.2011.07.012.Search in Google Scholar

2. Roberts, K, Borowiec, A, Laperle, C. Technologies for optical systems beyond 100G. Opt Fiber Technol 2011;17:387–94. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.yofte.2011.06.007.Search in Google Scholar

3. Winzer, PJ, Neilson, DT, Chraplyvy, AR. Fiber-optic transmission and networking: the previous 20 and the next 20 years [Invited]. Opt Express 2018;26:24190–239. https://doi.org/10.1364/OE.26.024190.Search in Google Scholar PubMed

4. Sharma, N, Agrawal, S, Kapoor, V. Estimation of frequency offset prior to adaptive equalization for improved performance of DP-QPSK DWDM system. Opt Fiber Technol 2020;55:1–9. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.yofte.2019.102132.Search in Google Scholar

5. Yu, J, Zhang, J. Recent progress on high-speed optical transmission. Dig Commun Netw 2016;2:65–76. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dcan.2016.03.002.Search in Google Scholar

6. Winzer, PJ. High-spectral-efficiency optical modulation formats. J Lightwave Technol 2012;30:3824–35. https://doi.org/10.1109/JLT.2012.2212180.Search in Google Scholar

7. Foggi, T. On performance limits for spectrally efficient optical transmission techniques in short-haul Metro/access links. J Lightwave Technol 2020;38:661–7. https://doi.org/10.1109/JLT.2019.2948386.Search in Google Scholar

8. Zhou, X, Xie, C. Spectrally efficient multiplexing: NYQUIST‐WDM. In: Enabling technologies for high spectral-efficiency coherent optical communication networks. Wiley; 2016:123–56 pp. https://doi.org/10.1002/9781119078289.ch4.Search in Google Scholar

9. Morea, A, Renaudier, J, Ghazisaeidi, A, Bertran-Pardo, O, Zami, T. Impact of reducing channel spacing from 50 GHz to 37.5 GHz in fully transparent meshed networks. In: Optical Fiber Communication Conference. OFC 2014. San Francisco, CA; 2014:1–3 pp. https://doi.org/10.1364/OFC.2014.Th1E.4.Search in Google Scholar

10. Morea, A, Renaudier, J, Zami, T, Ghazisaeidi, A, Bertran-Pardo, O. Throughput comparison between 50-GHz and 37.5-GHz grid transparent networks [Invited]. IEEE/OSA J Opt Commun Netw 2015;7:A293–300. https://doi.org/10.1364/JOCN.7.00A293.Search in Google Scholar

11. Vlachos, KG, Ferreira, FM, Sygletos, SS. A reconfigurable OADM architecture for high-order regular and offset QAM based OFDM super-channels. Journal of Lightwave Technology 2019;37:4008–16. https://doi.org/10.1109/JLT.2019.2905141.Search in Google Scholar

12. Anis, MI, Zaka, K, Ahmed, N, Ahmed, U. Performance analysis of optical network based on OADM by using different filters. In 2009 First Asian Himalayas International Conference on Internet. Kathmandu; 2009:1–5 pp. https://doi.org/10.1109/AHICI.2009.5340312.Search in Google Scholar

13. Matsuura, M, Oki, E. Optical carrier regeneration for wavelength reusable multicarrier distributed OADM network. In: CLEO/QELS: 2010 Laser Science to Photonic Applications 2010. San Jose, CA; 2010:1–2 pp. https://doi.org/10.1364/CLEO.2010.CThBB1.Search in Google Scholar

14. Sharma, N. Effects of crosstalk propagation on the performance of All-Optical Networks. In: 2012 1st International Conference on Recent Advances in Information Technology (RAIT). Dhanbad; 2012:240–5 pp. https://doi.org/10.1109/RAIT.2012.6194513.Search in Google Scholar

15. Mukherjee, PP, Sarkar, S, Das, NR. A comparative study on determination of optimum detection threshold for minimum BER in a WDM receiver with component crosstalk In: 2013 International Conference on Microwave and Photonics (ICMAP) Dhanbad; 2013:1–4 pp. https://doi.org/10.1109/ICMAP.2013.6733543.Search in Google Scholar

16. Sharma, N, Garg, R. Signal transmission and crosstalk limited all-optical networks. In: Ahmed El, O, Jamal, Z, editors. Handbook of Research on Advanced Trends in Microwave and Communication Engineering. IGI Global; 2017:556–86 pp. https://doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-0773-4.ch018.Search in Google Scholar

17. Sharma, N, Agrawal, S, Kapoor, V, Budhiraja, S. Effects of laser linewidth on the performance of DP-QPSK DWDM system. J Opt Commun 2024;45:143–8. https://doi.org/10.1515/joc-2019-0182.Search in Google Scholar

18. Kikuchi, K. Fundamentals of coherent optical fiber communications. J Lightwave Technol 2016;34:157–79. https://doi.org/10.1109/JLT.2015.2463719.Search in Google Scholar

19. Pfau, T, Hoffmann, S, Noe, R. Hardware-efficient coherent digital receiver concept with feed-forward carrier recovery for M-QAM constellations. J Lightwave Technol 2009;27:989–99. https://doi.org/10.1109/JLT.2008.2010511.Search in Google Scholar

20. Aguiar, D, Grasso, G, Righetti, A, Meli, F. EDFA with continuous amplification of C and L bands for submarine applications. In: 2015 SBMO/IEEE MTT-S International Microwave and Optoelectronics Conference (IMOC). Porto de Galinhas; 2015:1–4 pp. https://doi.org/10.1109/IMOC.2015.7369198.Search in Google Scholar

21. Lundberg, L, Andrekson, PA, Karlsson, M. Power consumption analysis of hybrid EDFA/Raman amplifiers in long-haul transmission systems. J Lightwave Technol 2017;35:2132–42. https://doi.org/10.1109/JLT.2017.2668768.Search in Google Scholar

22. Castrillón, MA, Morero, DA, Agazzi, OE, Hueda, MR. On the performance of joint iterative detection and decoding in coherent optical channels with laser frequency fluctuations. Opt Fiber Technol 2015;24:5–14. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.yofte.2015.04.002.Search in Google Scholar

Received: 2020-07-22
Accepted: 2020-10-20
Published Online: 2020-12-01

© 2020 Walter de Gruyter GmbH, Berlin/Boston

Downloaded on 19.5.2024 from https://www.degruyter.com/document/doi/10.1515/joc-2020-0175/html
Scroll to top button