Trichopyrone and Other Constituents from the Marine Sponge-Derived Fungus Trichoderma sp.

The fungus Trichoderma viride was isolated from the Caribbean sponge Agelas dispar, which was collected from waters around the island of Dominica. Its EtOAc extract, exhibiting mild radical scavenging properties, was mass cultivated and found to produce a new pyranone derivative, trichopyrone (1), and ten compounds, namely four sorbicillinoid polyketide derivatives, trichodermanone A-D (2 - 5), two hexaketide derivatives, rezishanone (6) and vertinolide (7), three known dodecaketides, trichodimerol (8), bislongiquinolide (trichotetronine, 9), and bisvertinol (10), as well as 2-furancarboxylic acid (11). The structures of all compounds were determined by interpretation of their spectroscopic data (1D and 2D NMR, MS, UV and IR). The biological activities of all isolates were evaluated in a series of bioassays (radical scavenging, antioxidant, antimicrobial, inhibition of HIV-1 RT). The majority had very weak or no effects in the applied test systems