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Annealing efficacy on PLA. Insights on mechanical, thermomechanical and crystallinity characters
Efectividad de recocido en PLA. Información sobre las propiedades mecánicas, termomecánicas y de cristalinidad
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15446/mo.n62.89099Keywords:
PLA, annealing, crystallinity, properties (en)PLA, recocido, cristalinidad, propiedades (es)
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Poly (lactic acid) (PLA) is widely used biodegradable thermoplastic in the additive manufacturing, mainly on manufactured products through 3D printing. However, PLA is highly fragile and presents low impact strength; hence improvements on this way are industrially and technologically important. Aiming to develop proper methodology for higher PLA performance, this work investigated the effects of thermal annealing on the mechanical properties (impact, tensile, Shore D hardness), heat deflection temperature (HDT), Vicat softening temperature (VST) and crystallinity (X-ray diffraction) of PLA. Injected specimens were annealed in greenhouses at 70, 80, 90 and 100 °C. Annealing at 70 °C was not effective, without verified significant changes. On the other hand, annealing at 80, 90 and 100 °C provided crystalline peaks in DRX, indicating development of structural organization. Expressive results were achieved, at 90 °C, for impact strength, HDT, VST, Shore D hardness and tensile strength, related to non-annealed PLA. Provided results in this work have scientific and technological importance, since the mechanical and thermomechanical properties of PLA were improved using a simple methodology which may render higher performance products mainly for the 3D printing industry of PLA.
El poli (ácido láctico) (PLA) es un termoplástico biodegradable ampliamente utilizado en la fabricación de aditivos, principalmente en productos fabricados mediante impresión 3D. Sin embargo, el PLA es muy frágil y tiene baja resistencia al impacto; por lo tanto, las mejoras en este sentido son industrial y tecnológicamente importantes. Con el fin de desarrollar una metodología adecuada para un PLA de mayor rendimiento, este trabajo investigó los efectos del recocido térmico en las propiedades mecánicas (impacto, tracción, dureza de la Shore D), temperatura de desviación térmica (HDT), temperatura de ablandamiento de Vicat (TAV) y cristalinidad (difracción de rayos X) del PLA. Las muestras inyectadas fueron recocidos en horno a 70, 80, 90 y 100°C. El recocido a 70 ° C no fue efectivo, sin cambios significativos verificados. Por otro lado, el recocido a 80, 90 y 100 ° C proporcionó picos cristalinos en la DRX, lo que indica el desarrollo de la organización estructural. Los resultados expresivos se lograron a 90°C para resistencia al impacto, HDT, VST, dureza Shore D y resistencia a la tracción, relacionados con PLA sin recocido. Los resultados presentados en este trabajo son de importancia científica y tecnológica, ya que las propiedades mecánicas y termomecánicas del PLA se han mejorado utilizando una metodología simple que puede producir productos de mayor rendimiento principalmente para la industria de impresión 3D de PLA.
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