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Asynchronous stoichiometric response in lithium iron phosphate batteries

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Abstract

Operando energy-dispersive x-ray diffraction (EDXRD) was carried out on a newly formed 8 Ah lithium iron phosphate (LiFePO4) battery with the goal of elucidating the origin of asynchronous phase transformation commonly seen with in situ x-ray diffraction studies. The high-energy photons at the NSLS X17B1 beamline allow for penetration into a fully assembled battery and therefore negate any need for a specially designed in situ cell which often uses modified current collectors to minimize x-ray attenuation. Spatially-and-temporally resolved phase-mapping was conducted with a semiquantitative reference intensity ratio (RIR) analysis to estimate the relative abundance of the delithiated phase. The data show an asynchronous response in the stoichiometry versus the electrochemical profile and suggest limited diffusion in the electrode toward the end of discharge. Our results confirm that the asynchronous electrode response is not just limited to specially designed cells but occurs in fully assembled cells alike. We attribute this behavior to be a consequence of performing a local measurement over a wide-area heterogeneous reaction.

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ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

Use of the National Synchrotron Light Source, Brookhaven National Laboratory, was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, under Contract No. DE-AC02-98CH10886.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Materials Science and Engineering, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, New Jersey, 08854, USA

    William A. Paxton, E. Koray Akdoğan, İlyas Şavkliyildiz, Ankur U. Choksi, Scott X. Silver & Thomas Tsakalakos

  2. Photon Sciences, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York, 11973, USA

    Zhong Zhong

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  1. William A. Paxton
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  2. E. Koray Akdoğan
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Correspondence to William A. Paxton.

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Paxton, W.A., Akdoğan, E.K., Şavkliyildiz, İ. et al. Asynchronous stoichiometric response in lithium iron phosphate batteries. Journal of Materials Research 30, 417–423 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1557/jmr.2014.321

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