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In situ and operando transmission electron microscopy of catalytic materials

  • Frontiers of in situ electron microscopy
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Abstract

Catalytic nanomaterials play a major role in chemical conversions and energy transformations. Understanding how materials control and regulate surface reactions is a major objective for fundamental research on heterogeneous catalysts. In situ environmental transmission electron microscopy (ETEM) is a powerful technique for revealing the atomic structures of materials at elevated temperatures in the presence of reactive gases. This approach can allow the structure–reactivity relations underlying catalyst functionality to be investigated. Thus far, ETEM has been limited by the absence of in situ measurements of gas-phase catalytic products. To overcome this deficiency, operando TEM techniques are being developed that combine atomic characterization with the simultaneous measurement of catalytic products. This article provides a short review of the current status and major developments in the application of ETEM to gas-phase catalysis over the past 10 years.

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Acknowledgements

P.A.C. acknowledges financial support from the US NSF (CTS-0306688, CBET 0553445, and CBET 1134464) and US Department of Energy (DE-SC0004954). He also gratefully acknowledges the use of facilities within the LeRoy Eyring Center for Solid State Science at Arizona State University. T.W.H. acknowledges the A.P. Møller and Chastine McKinney Møller Foundation for its contribution toward the establishment of the Center for Electron Nanoscopy in the Technical University of Denmark. Both authors are grateful to all of the students, postdocs, and colleagues with whom they have collaborated over the years.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Engineering of Matter, Transport and Energy, Arizona State University, USA

    Peter A. Crozier

  2. Center for Electron Nanoscopy, Technical University of Denmark, Denmark

    Thomas W. Hansen

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Crozier, P.A., Hansen, T.W. In situ and operando transmission electron microscopy of catalytic materials. MRS Bulletin 40, 38–45 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1557/mrs.2014.304

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