This review covers international research on the fabrication, microstructure, properties and applications of glass and glass-ceramic matrix composites reinforced with continuous fibres. The most important research work reported in the scientific literature since the discovery of these composites in the late 60s is reviewed. It will be shown that several fabrication procedures have reached an advanced development stage and that nowadays reliable, high-quality glass matrix composite materials are available. However, the literature analysis demonstrates that several challenges remain for future developments in this area. These include the need for a further understanding of the thermomechanical behaviour of the composites and the assessment of environmental and chemical interactions under in-service realistic conditions, i.e., mostly at high temperatures and in oxidative or corrosive atmospheres. It is also emphasised that relatively limited R & D work has been carried out so far in the area of manufacturing of engineering components and structures having complex geometry and large dimensions. Specifically there is a lack of development of adequate machining and joining techniques. The ultimate goal of this review is to generate a broader interest in glass and glassceramic matrix composites in both the scientific and industrial communities, so that the high technological potential of these materials can be exploited more widely.