Desized and scoured ramie fabric was treated with liquid ammonia (NH₃) using a practical range. Crystllinity, moisture regain, water absorption, and dyeing properties were measured to investigate the internal structure of the fiber by the NH₃ trestment. Crystallite structure of ramie cellulose I was transformed to cellulose III by the NH3 treatment. Crystallinity was decreased not only by the NaOH but also by the NH₃ treatments, especially by the latter. Water absorption was increased by the NaOH treatment, whereas it decreased by the NH₃ treatment. Early dyeing rate of the fabric was increased considerably with NaOH treatment, while it decreased greatly with the NH₃ and NaOH/NH₃ treatments. Nevertheless equilibrium dye uptake was increased a little by the NH3 treatment. As a measure of fabric hand, shearing and bending hysteresis curves were obtained using KES instrument. Shearing modulus G, bending hysteresis width 2HG, bending modulus B and bending hysteresis width 2HB were obviously decreased by the NH₃ and NaOH/NH₃ treatments.