Abstract
Ordered mesoporous adsorbents were prepared by physically grafting functionalized ionic liquids onto SBA-15 (a mesoporous siliceous substrate) using incipient wetness immersion method. These adsorbents were successfully applied to the selective extraction and separation of a-tocopherol (an isomer of vitamin E) from a model mixture of soybean oil deodorizer distillate. Various parameters affecting adsorption process such as adsorption time, the structures and loadings of ionic liquids, the adsorption isotherm, and the reusability of adsorbent were investigated using liquid-solid extraction. As high as 211 mg/g adsorbent of the adsorption capacity for a-tocopherol was obtained through the adsorption isotherm tests using [emim][Gly]/SBA-15 (functionalized ionic liquid 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium glycine which was physically coated on SBA-15) as the adsorbent, in which the functionalized ionic liquids contained the amino acid glycine as the anion. The adsorbent [emim][Gly]/SBA-15 also exhibited a very high adsorption selectivity for a-tocopherol. The extraction selectivity or the ratio of distribution coefficients between a-tocopherol and the major interference component glyceryl triundecanoate CVd(a-tocopheroi)/D(d(triglyceride)) was 10.5. The concentration of a-tocopherol was significantly increased from 15.6% in original feedstock solution that contained fatty acid methyl ester, triglyceride and a-tocopherol to 73.0% after stripping by diethyl ether. Five adsorbent recycle tests showed good reusability of the functionalized ionic liquid- modified mesoporous adsorbent.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
D. Zhao, J. Feng, Q. Huo, N. Melosh, G. H. Fredrickson, B. F. Chmelka, and G. D. Stucky, Science, 1998, 279, 548.
Y. Lou, H. Wang, Q. Zhang, and Y. Wang, J. Catal., 2007, 247, 245.
L. Saikia, D. Srinivas, and P. Ratnasamy, Appl. Catal., A, 2006, 309, 144.
B. Lee, Y. Kim, H. Lee, and J. Yi, Microporous Mesoporous Mater., 2001, 50, 77.
Y. Jiang, Q. Gao, H. Yu, Y. Chen, and F. Deng, Microporous Mesoporous Mater., 2007, 103, 316.
M. H. Lim and A. Stein, Chem. Mater., 1999, 11, 3285.
K. Y. Ho, G. Mckay, and K. L. Yeung, Langmuir, 2003, 19, 3019.
Y. H. Ju, O. F. Webb, S. Dai, J. S. Lin, and C. E. Barnes, Ind. Eng. Chem. Res., 2000, 39, 550.
B. Lee, L. L. Bao, H. J. Im, S. Dai, E. W. Hagaman, and J. S. Lin, Langmuir, 2003, 19, 4246.
T. Kang, Y. Park, K. Choi, J. Lee, and J. Yi, J. Mater. Chem., 2004, 14, 1043.
Y. Xian, Y. Xian, L. Zhou, F. Wu, Y. Ling, and L. Jin, Electrochem. Commun., 2007, 9, 142.
D. Zhao, Q. Huo, J. Feng, B. F. Chmelka, and G. D. Stucky, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1998, 120, 6024.
A. Vinu, D. P. Sawant, K. Ariga, K. Z. Hossain, S. B. Halligudi, M. Hartmann, and M. Nomura, Chem. Mater., 2005, 17, 5339.
R. R. Eitenmiller and W. O. Landen, Jr., “Vitamin Analysis for the Health and Food Science”, 1999, CRC Press.
M. F. Mendes, F. L. P. Pessoa, and A. M. C. Uller, J. Supercrit. Fluids, 2002, 23, 257.
H. Lee, B. H. Chung, and Y. H. Park, J. Am. Oil Chem. Soc., 1991, 68, 571.
Y. Ge, H. Yan, B. Hui, Y. Ni, S. Wang, and T. Cai, J. Agric. Food Chem., 2002, 50, 685.
M. B. Rangel, M. M. Delgado-Zamarreno, A. Sanchez-Perez, and R. Carabias-Martinez, J. Chromatogr., A, 2006, 1125, 270.
G. Sivakumar, L. Bacchetta, R. Gatti, and G. Zappa, J. Plant Physiol., 2005, 162, 1280.
B. S. Chu, B. S. Baharin, Y. B. Che Man, and S. Y. Quek, J. Food Eng., 2004, 62, 97.
B. S. Chu, B. S. Baharin, Y. B. Che Man, and S. Y. Quek, J. Food Eng., 2004, 62, 105.
B. S. Chu, B. S. Baharin, Y. B. Che Man, and S. Y. Quek, J. Food Eng., 2005, 64, 1.
T. Fang, M. Goto, X. Wang, X. Ding, J. Geng, M. Sasaki, and T. Hirose, J. Supercrit. Fluids, 2007, 40, 50.
M. Hartmann, A. Vinu, and G. Chandrasekar, Chem. Mater., 2005, 17, 829.
G. Horvath, L. Wessjohann, J. Bigirimana, H. Monica, M. Jansen, Y. Guisez, R. Caubergs, and N. Horemans, Plant Physiol. Biochem., 2006, 44, 724.
M. H. Valkenberg, C. de Castro, and W. F. Holderich, Green Chem., 2002, 4, 88.
C. P. Mehnert, R. A. Cook, N. C. Dispenziere, and M. Afeworki, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 2002, 124, 12932.
C. P. Mehnert, Chem.—Eur. J., 2005, 11, 50.
C. P. Mehnert, E. J. Mozeleski, and R. A. Cook, Chem. Commun., 2002, 3010.
A. Riisager, B. Jørgensen, P. Wasserscheid, and R. Fehrmann, Chem. Commun., 2006, 994.
J. Liu, N. Li, G. Jiang, J. Liu, J. A. Jonsson, and M. Wen, J. Chromatogr., A, 2005, 1066, 27.
Y. Hsieh, P. Huang, I. Sun, T. Whang, C. Hsu, H. Huang, and C. Kuei, Anal. Chim. Acta, 2006, 557, 321.
K. Fukumoto, M. Yoshizawa, and H. Ohno, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 2005, 127, 2398.
P. Wassercheid and T. Welton, “Ionic Liquids in Synthesis”, 2003, Wiley-VCH, Weinheim, Germany.
F. Demirkaya and Y. Kadioglu, J. Biochem. Biophys. Methods, 2007, 70, 363.
G. Wei, Z. Yang, and C. Chen, Anal. Chim. Acta, 2003, 488, 183.
G. Meindersma, A. Podt, and A. B. de Haan, Fuel Process. Technol., 2005, 87, 59.
M. A. Mottaleb and M. Z. Abedin, Anal. Sci., 1999, 15, 283.
M. Kohri, K. Sato, K. Ide, Y. Inoue, and H. Okochi, Anal. Sci., 1997, 13, 141.
B. S. Chu, B. S. Baharin, Y. B. Che Man, and S. Y. Quek, J. Food Lipids, 2005, 12, 23.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Li, M., Pham, P.J., Pittman, C.U. et al. Selective Solid-Phase Extraction of α-Tocopherol by Functionalized Ionic Liquid-modified Mesoporous SBA-15 Adsorbent. ANAL. SCI. 24, 1245–1250 (2008). https://doi.org/10.2116/analsci.24.1245
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.2116/analsci.24.1245