Abstract
Phycocyanin (Pc) is a phycobiliprotein that has been recently reported to exhibit a variety of pharmacological properties. In this regard, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, neuroprotective and hepatoprotective effects have been experimentally attributed to Pc. When it was evaluated as an antioxidant in vitro, it was able to scavenge alkoxyl, hydroxyl and peroxyl radicals and to react with peroxinitrite (ONOO-) and hypochlorous acid (HOCl). Pc also inhibits microsomal lipid peroxidation induced by Fe+2-ascorbic acid or the free radical initiator 2,2 azobis (2-amidinopropane) hydrochloride (AAPH). Furthermore, it reduces carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)-induced lipid peroxidation in vivo. Pc has been evaluated in twelve experimental models of inflammation and exerted anti-inflammatory effects in a dose-dependent fashion in all of these. Thus, Pc reduced edema, histamine (Hi) release, myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity and the levels of prostaglandin (PGE2) and leukotriene (LTB4) in the inflamed tissues. These antiinflammatory effects of Pc can be due to its scavenging properties toward oxygen reactive species (ROS) and its inhibitory effects on cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2) activity and on Hi release from mast cells. Pc also reduced the levels of tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α) in the blood serum of mice treated with endotoxin and it showed neuroprotective effects in rat cerebellar granule cell cultures and in kainate-induced brain injury in rats.
Keywords: phycocyanin, phycobiliprotein, spirulina, antioxidant, free radical scavenger, anti-inflammatory, neuroprotective, hepatoprotective
Current Protein & Peptide Science
Title: C-Phycocyanin: A Biliprotein with Antioxidant, Anti-Inflammatory and Neuroprotective Effects
Volume: 4 Issue: 3
Author(s): Ch. Romay, R. Gonzalez, N. Ledon, D. Remirez and V. Rimbau
Affiliation:
Keywords: phycocyanin, phycobiliprotein, spirulina, antioxidant, free radical scavenger, anti-inflammatory, neuroprotective, hepatoprotective
Abstract: Phycocyanin (Pc) is a phycobiliprotein that has been recently reported to exhibit a variety of pharmacological properties. In this regard, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, neuroprotective and hepatoprotective effects have been experimentally attributed to Pc. When it was evaluated as an antioxidant in vitro, it was able to scavenge alkoxyl, hydroxyl and peroxyl radicals and to react with peroxinitrite (ONOO-) and hypochlorous acid (HOCl). Pc also inhibits microsomal lipid peroxidation induced by Fe+2-ascorbic acid or the free radical initiator 2,2 azobis (2-amidinopropane) hydrochloride (AAPH). Furthermore, it reduces carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)-induced lipid peroxidation in vivo. Pc has been evaluated in twelve experimental models of inflammation and exerted anti-inflammatory effects in a dose-dependent fashion in all of these. Thus, Pc reduced edema, histamine (Hi) release, myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity and the levels of prostaglandin (PGE2) and leukotriene (LTB4) in the inflamed tissues. These antiinflammatory effects of Pc can be due to its scavenging properties toward oxygen reactive species (ROS) and its inhibitory effects on cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2) activity and on Hi release from mast cells. Pc also reduced the levels of tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α) in the blood serum of mice treated with endotoxin and it showed neuroprotective effects in rat cerebellar granule cell cultures and in kainate-induced brain injury in rats.
Export Options
About this article
Cite this article as:
Romay Ch., Gonzalez R., Ledon N., Remirez D. and Rimbau V., C-Phycocyanin: A Biliprotein with Antioxidant, Anti-Inflammatory and Neuroprotective Effects, Current Protein & Peptide Science 2003; 4 (3) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1389203033487216
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1389203033487216 |
Print ISSN 1389-2037 |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 1875-5550 |
Call for Papers in Thematic Issues
Advancements in Proteomic and Peptidomic Approaches in Cancer Immunotherapy: Unveiling the Immune Microenvironment
The scope of this thematic issue centers on the integration of proteomic and peptidomic technologies into the field of cancer immunotherapy, with a particular emphasis on exploring the tumor immune microenvironment. This issue aims to gather contributions that illustrate the application of these advanced methodologies in unveiling the complex interplay ...read more
Artificial Intelligence for Protein Research
Protein research, essential for understanding biological processes and creating therapeutics, faces challenges due to the intricate nature of protein structures and functions. Traditional methods are limited in exploring the vast protein sequence space efficiently. Artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML) offer promising solutions by improving predictions and speeding up ...read more
Nutrition and Metabolism in Musculoskeletal Diseases
The musculoskeletal system consists mainly of cartilage, bone, muscles, tendons, connective tissue and ligaments. Balanced metabolism is of vital importance for the homeostasis of the musculoskeletal system. A series of musculoskeletal diseases (for example, sarcopenia, osteoporosis) are resulted from the dysregulated metabolism of the musculoskeletal system. Furthermore, metabolic diseases (such ...read more
Protein Folding, Aggregation and Liquid-Liquid Phase Separation
Protein folding, misfolding and aggregation remain one of the main problems of interdisciplinary science not only because many questions are still open, but also because they are important from the point of view of practical application. Protein aggregation and formation of fibrillar structures, for example, is a hallmark of a ...read more
Related Journals
- Author Guidelines
- Graphical Abstracts
- Fabricating and Stating False Information
- Research Misconduct
- Post Publication Discussions and Corrections
- Publishing Ethics and Rectitude
- Increase Visibility of Your Article
- Archiving Policies
- Peer Review Workflow
- Order Your Article Before Print
- Promote Your Article
- Manuscript Transfer Facility
- Editorial Policies
- Allegations from Whistleblowers
Related Articles
-
Antioxidant Activity of Galantamine and Some of its Derivatives
Current Medicinal Chemistry Neuroinflammatory Markers in Spontaneously Hypertensive Rat Brain: An Immunohistochemical Study
CNS & Neurological Disorders - Drug Targets Administration of Exogenous Surfactant and Cytosolic Phospholipase A2α Inhibitors may Help COVID-19 Infected Patients with Chronic Diseases
Coronaviruses Anti-Seizure Medications and Estradiol for Neuroprotection in Epilepsy: The 2013 Update
Recent Patents on CNS Drug Discovery (Discontinued) Synthesis of Dihydropyridines: Patented Catalysts and Biological Applications
Recent Patents on Catalysis (Discontinued) Effect of the NMDA-Receptor Antagonist Dextromethorphan in Infant Rat Pneumococcal Meningitis
Current Drug Metabolism Kinase Inhibitors Targeting Anti-angiogenesis as Anti-cancer Therapies
Current Angiogenesis (Discontinued) Semicarbazide-Sensitive Amine Oxidase/Vascular Adhesion Protein 1: Recent Developments Concerning Substrates and Inhibitors of a Promising Therapeutic Target
Current Medicinal Chemistry Recent Updates in Imperative Natural Compounds for Healthy Brain and Nerve Function: A Systematic Review of Implications for Multiple Sclerosis
Current Drug Targets DNA Vaccine and the CNS Axonal Regeneration
Current Pharmaceutical Design Editorial (Thematic Issue: Molecular Targeting for Development of Novel Therapeutic Strategies in Brain Diseases: Myth or Reality?)
CNS & Neurological Disorders - Drug Targets The Pivotal Role of Nitric Oxide: Effects on the Nervous and Immune Systems
Current Pharmaceutical Design Hypoxia-Inducible Factor-1 in Arterial Disease: A Putative Therapeutic Target
Current Vascular Pharmacology The Role of Executive Functioning in PTSD and its Treatment
Current Psychiatry Reviews Regulatory T Cells in Central Nervous System: in Health and Disease
Central Nervous System Agents in Medicinal Chemistry Heme Oxygenase-1 Dysregulation in the Brain: Implications for HIVAssociated Neurocognitive Disorders
Current HIV Research Treatment with the Ketone Body D-β-hydroxybutyrate Attenuates Autophagy Activated by NMDA and Reduces Excitotoxic Neuronal Damage in the Rat Striatum In Vivo
Current Pharmaceutical Design The Changing Face of Tobacco Use Among United States Youth
Current Drug Abuse Reviews Phosphodiesterase as a New Therapeutic Target for the Treatment of Spinal Cord Injury and Neurodegenerative Diseases
Current Medicinal Chemistry Flavones as a Privileged Scaffold in Drug Discovery: Current Developments
Current Organic Synthesis