High-temperature oxidation tests were conducted with two groups of Ni-based superalloys in order to elucidate the Re effect on oxidation resistance. One group of alloys was the Ni-8Cr-2Ti-10Al-Re system, characterized by 10 mol% Al content. The other group of alloys was the Ni-8Cr-2Ti-15Al-Re system, characterized by 15 mol% Al content. The alloy compositions were chosen with the aid of the d-electrons concept, so that any undesirable phases would not appear in the microstructure. Both cyclic and isothermal oxidation tests were carried out at 1 373 K for a total time of 720 ks. The oxidation resistance decreased clearly with increasing Re content in the 10-Al series alloys, but did not in the 15-Al series alloys. The alloys having a Re/Al ratio (mol%) up to 0.1 exhibited very small mass change by oxidation, so the Re/Al ratio was indeed a good indication for the design of superalloys having a good oxidation resistance.