Skip to content
Licensed Unlicensed Requires Authentication Published by De Gruyter April 6, 2013

Mechanical and Morphological Properties of Flax Fiber Reinforced High Density Polyethylene/Recycled Rubber Composites

  • A. R. Kakroodi , J. Bainier and D. Rodrigue

Abstract

In this work, the mechanical and morphological properties of high density polyethylene (HDPE)/flax fiber composites are reported. In particular, the effect of adding a rubber phase (SBR) in terms of recycled ground tire rubber (GTR) is determined. Samples with different concentrations of flax fibers and rubber powders were prepared. Also, the addition of a coupling agent (SEBS) on both matrix-fiber and matrix-rubber surface adhesion and composite morphology is investigated. The results show an improvement in both matrix-rubber and matrix-fiber surface adhesion after incorporation of the coupling agent leading to improved tensile and flexural properties. Also, impact strength results showed a toughening effect of the HDPE matrix by flax and SBR addition.


Mail address: Denis Rodrigue, Department of Chemical Engineering and CERMAUniversité Laval, Quebec City, Canada, G1V 0A6. E-mail:

References

Anuar, H., et al., “Mechanical Properties and Dynamic Mechanical Analysis of Thermoplastic Natural Rubber Reinforced Short Carbon Fiber and Kenaf Fiber Hybrid Composites”, J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 107, 40434052(2008), DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.27441Search in Google Scholar

Beckermann, G. W., Pickering, K. L., et al., “Engineering and Evaluation of Hemp Fiber Reinforced Polypropylene Composites: Fibre Treatment and Matrix Modification”, Composites: Part A, 39, 979988(2008), DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.compositesa.2008.03.010Search in Google Scholar

Biagiotti, J., et al., “Ternary Composites Based on PP-EPDM Blends Reinforced with Flax Fibers. Part II: Mechanical Properties/Morphology Relationship”, Polym. Eng. Sci., 43, 10311043(2003)DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pen.10087Search in Google Scholar

Bledzki, A. K., Gassan, J., et al., “Composites Reinforced with Cellulose Based fibres”, Prog. Polym. Sci., 24, 221274(1999)DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0079-6700(98)00018-5Search in Google Scholar

Brahmakumar, M., et al., “Coconut fibre Reinforced Polyethylene Composites: Effect of Natural Waxy Surface Layer of the Fibre on Fbre/Matrix Interfacial Bonding and Strength of Composites”, Comp. Sci. Tech., 65, 563569(2005), DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.compscitech.2004.09.020Search in Google Scholar

Cantero, G., et al., “Effects of fibre Treatment on Wettability and Mechanical Behavior of Flax/Polypropylene Composites”, Comp. Sci. Tech., 63, 12471254(2003), DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0266-3538(03)00094-0Search in Google Scholar

Chattopadhyay, S. K., et al., “Mechanical, Thermal, and Morphological Properties of Maleic Anhydride-g-Polypropylene Compatibilized and Chemically Modified Banana Fiber Reinforced Polypropylene Composites”, J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 117, 17311740(2010), DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.32065Search in Google Scholar

Clemons, C., et al., “Elastomer Modified Polypropylene – Polyethylene Blends as Matrices for Wood flour – Plastic Composites”, Composites: Part A, 41, 15591569(2010), DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.compositesa.2010.07.002Search in Google Scholar

Facca, A. G., et al., “Predicting the Elastic Modulus of Natural Fiber Reinforced Thermoplastics”, Composites Part A, 37, 16601671(2006), DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.compositesa.2005.10.006Search in Google Scholar

Fulford, R., et al., “Process for Regeneration of Rubber From Scrap”, World patent WO 03/014207 (2003)Search in Google Scholar

Geethamma, V. G., et al., “Composite of Short Coir Fibres and Natural Rubber: Effect of Chemical Modification, Loading and Orientation of Fibre”, Polymer, 39, 14831491(1998)DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0032-3861(97)00422-9Search in Google Scholar

Grigoryeva, O. P., et al., “Thermoplastic Elastomers Based on Recycled High-Density Polyethylene, Ethylene – Propylene – Diene Monomer Rubber, and Ground Tire Rubber”, J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 95, 659671(2005), DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.21177Search in Google Scholar

Herrera-Franco, P. J., Valadez-Gonzalez, A., et al., “A study of the Mechanical Properties of Short Natural-fiber Reinforced Composites”, Composites: Part B, 36, 597608(2005), DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.compositesb.2005.04.001Search in Google Scholar

Kim, S., et al., “Mechanical Properties of Polypropylene/Natural fiber Composites: Comparison of Wood Fiber and Cotton Fber”, Polym. Test., 27, 801806(2008), DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.polymertesting.2008.06.002Search in Google Scholar

Kuboki, T., et al., “Effects of Styrene – Ethylene – Butylene – Styrene Based Additives on the Mechanical Properties of Rice Hull/Polypropylene Composites”, Polym. Eng. Sci., 47, 11481155(2007), DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pen.20695Search in Google Scholar

Lopez Manchado, M. A., et al., “Enhancement of Mechanical Properties and Interfacial Adhesion of PP/EPDM/Flax Fiber Composites Using Maleic Anhydride as a Compatibilizer”, J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 90, 21702178(2003), DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.12866Search in Google Scholar

Macsiniuc, A., et al., “Understanding the Regeneration of EPDM Rubber Crumbs from Used Tyres”, Prog. Rubber Plast. Recyc. Tech., 26, 5181(2010)Search in Google Scholar

Nair, M. K. C., et al., “Tensile Properties of Short Sisal Fiber Reinforced Polystyrene Composites”, J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 60, 14831497(1996)DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1097-4628(19960531)60:9<1483::AID-APP23>3.0.CO;2-1Search in Google Scholar

Naskar, A. K., et al., “Thermoplastic Elastomeric Composition Based on Ground Rubber Tire”, Polym. Eng. Sci., 41, 10871098(2001), DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pen.10809Search in Google Scholar

Oksman, K., Clemons, C., et al., “Mechanical Properties and Morphology of Impact Modified Polypropylene–Wood Flour Composites”, J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 67, 15031513(1998), DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1097-4628(19980228)67:9<1503::AID-APP1>3.0.CO;2-HSearch in Google Scholar

Oksman, K., et al., “The Influence of fibre Microstructure on Fibre Breakage and Mechanical Properties of Natural Fibre Reinforced Polypropylene”, Comp. Sci. Tech., 69, 18471853(2009), DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.compscitech.2009.03.020Search in Google Scholar

Romhany, G., et al., “Tensile Fracture and Failure Behavior of Technical Flax Fibers”, J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 90, 36383645(2003)DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.13110Search in Google Scholar

Ruksakulpiwat, Y., et al., “Improvement of Impact Property of Natural Fiber – Polypropylene Composite by Using Natural Rubber and EPDM Rubber”, Composites: Part B, 40, 619622(2009), DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.compositesb.2009.04.006Search in Google Scholar

Sarkhel, G., Choudhury, A., et al., “Dynamic Mechanical and Thermal Properties of PE-EPDM Based Jute Fiber Composites”, J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 108, 34423453(2008), DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.28024Search in Google Scholar

Sutanto, P., et al., “Modeling on the Kinetics of an EPDM Devulcanization in an Internal Batch Mixer Using an Amine as the Devulcanizing Agent”, Chem. Eng. Sci., 61, 64426453(2006), DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ces.2006.05.024Search in Google Scholar

Threepopnatkul, P., et al., “Effect of Surface Treatment on Performance of Pineapple Leaf Fiber – Polycarbonate Composites”, Composites: Part B, 40, 628632(2009), DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.compositesb.2009.04.008Search in Google Scholar

Received: 2011-01-27
Accepted: 2011-08-21
Published Online: 2013-04-06
Published in Print: 2012-05-01

© 2012, Carl Hanser Verlag, Munich

Downloaded on 23.5.2024 from https://www.degruyter.com/document/doi/10.3139/217.2473/html
Scroll to top button