A Personal Perspective on the Use of Modelling Simulation for Polymer Melt Processing

References

Agassant, J. F., Avenas, P., Carreau, P. J. and Sergent, J. P.: Polymer Processing, Principles and Modeling, Hanser, Munich (1991)Search in Google Scholar

Agassant, J. F., Baaijens, F., Bastian, H., Bernnat, A., Bogaerds, A. C. B., Coupez, T., Debbaut, B., Gavrus, A. L., Goublomme, A., van Gurp, M., Koopmans, R. J., Laun, H. M., Lee, K., Nouatin, O. H., Mackley, M. R., Peters, G. W. M., Rekers, G., Verbeeten, W. M. H., Vergnes, B., Wagner, M. H., Wassner, E. and Zoetelief, W. F., “The Matching of Experimental Polymer Processing Flows to Numerical Simulation”, Int. Polym. Proc., 17, 3–10 (2002) 10.3139/217.1675Search in Google Scholar

Agassant, J. F., Arda, D., Combeaud, C., Merten, A., Münstedt, H., Mackley, M. R., Robert, L. and Vergnes, B., “Polymer Processing Extrusion Instabilities and Methods for their Elimination or Minimisation, Int. Polym. Proc., 21, 239–255 (2006) 10.3139/217.0084Search in Google Scholar

Agassant, J. F., Haudin, J. M., “Chapter No. 3 Mise en Forme des Polymères”, in Matériaux Polymères, Carrega, M. (Ed.) Dunod, Paris, p. 53–110 (2007)Search in Google Scholar

Agassant, J. F., Avenas, P., Sergent. J. Ph., Vergnes, B. and Vincent, M.: Mise en Forme des Polymères, Approche Thermomécanique de la Plasturgie, Tec et Doc, Paris (2014)Search in Google Scholar

Arpin, B., Lafleur, P. G. and Vergnes, B., “Simulation of a Polymer Flow Through a Coat-Hanger Die: A Comparison of Two Numerical Approaches”, Polym. Eng. Sci., 32, 206–212 (1992) 10.1002/pen.760320307Search in Google Scholar

Arnold, D., Brezzi, F. and FortinM., “A Stable Finite Element for the Stokes Equations”, Calcolo, 23, 337–344 (1984) 10.1007/BF02576171Search in Google Scholar

Arpin, B., Lafleur, P. G. and Sanschagrin, B., “A Personal Computer Software Program for Coat-Hanger Die Simulation”, Polym. Eng. Sci., 34, 6657–664 (1994) 10.1002/pen.760340807Search in Google Scholar

Bellet, M., Monasse, B. and Agassant, J. F.: Simulation Numérique des Procédés de Soufflage, Techniques de l’Ingénieur, AM 3705 (2000)Search in Google Scholar

Black, J. R, Denn, M. M. and Hsiao, G. C., “Chapter No. 1 Creeping Flow of a Viscoelastic Liquid through a Contraction”, in Theoretical Rheology, Hutton, J. F., Pearson, J. R. A. and Walters, K. (Eds.), Applied Science Publishers, Barking (UK), p. 3–30 (1975)Search in Google Scholar

Boitout, F., Agassant, J. F. and Vincent, M., “Elastic Calculation of Residual Stresses in Injection Molding”, Int. Polym. Proc., 3, 237–242 (1995) 10.3139/217.950237Search in Google Scholar

Boukellal, G., Durin, A., Valette, R. and Agassant, J. F., “Evaluation of a Tube-Based Constitutive Equation Using Conventional and Planar Elongation Flow Optical Rheometers”, Rheol. Acta, 50, 547–557 (2011) 10.1007/s00397-011-0573-ySearch in Google Scholar

Brinkmann, H. C., “Heat Effects in Capillary Flow”, Appl. Sci. Research, 2, 120–124 (1951) 10.1007/BF00411976Search in Google Scholar

Brooks, A. N., Hughes, T. J. R., “Streamline Upwind/Petrov-Galerkin Formulations for Convection Dominated Flows with Particular Emphasis on the Incompressible Navier-Stokes Equations”, Comput. Meth. Appl. Mech. Eng., 32, 199–259 (1982) 10.1016/0045-7825(82)90071-8Search in Google Scholar

Cameron, A.: Principles of Lubrication, Longmans Green, London (1966)Search in Google Scholar

Carneiro, O. S., Nobrega, J. M., Pinho, F. T. and Oliveira, P. J., “Computer Aided Rheological Design of Extrusion Dies for Profiles”, J. Mat. Proc. Tech., 144, 75–86 (2001) 10.1016/S0924-0136(01)00574-XSearch in Google Scholar

Castro, J. W., Macosko, C. W., “Studies of Mold Filling and Curing in the Reaction Injection Molding Process, AIChE J., 28, 250–260 (1982) 10.1002/aic.690280213Search in Google Scholar

Chiang, H. H., Hieber, C. A. and Wang, K. K., “A Unified Simulation of Filling and Postfilling Stages in Injection Molding; Part I: Formulation”, Polym. Eng. Sci., 31, 116–124 (1991) 10.1002/pen.760310210Search in Google Scholar

Cross, M. M., “Rheology of Non-Newtonian Fluids: A New Flow Equation for Pseudoplastic Systems”, J. Colloid Sci., 20, 417–437 (1965) 10.1016/0095-8522(65)90022-XSearch in Google Scholar

Coupez, T., “Metric Construction by Length Distribution Tensor and Edge Based Error for Anisotropic Adaptative Meshing”, J. Comp. Phys., 230, 2391–2405 (2011) 10.1016/j.jcp.2010.11.041Search in Google Scholar

Dantzig, J. A., Tucker III, C. L.: Modeling in Materials Processing, Cambridge University Press, UK (2001) 10.1017/CBO9781139175272Search in Google Scholar

Dealy, J. M., Wissbrun, K. F.: Melt Rheology and its Role in Plastics Processing, Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht (1999)10.1007/978-94-009-2163-4Search in Google Scholar

Demay, Y.: Instabilités d’Etirage et Bifurcation de Hopf, Thèse de Doctorat d’Etat, Université de Nice, Nice (1983)Search in Google Scholar

De Lorenzi, H. G., Nied, H. F., “Blow Molding and Thermoforming of Plastics: Finite Element Modeling”, Comp. Struct., 26, 197–206 (1987) 10.1016/0045-7949(87)90250-1Search in Google Scholar

Denizart, O., Vincent, M. and Agassant, J. F., “Thermal Stresses and Strains in Injection Molding: Experiments and Computations”, J. Mater. Sci., 30, 552–560 (1995) 10.1007/BF00354424Search in Google Scholar

Denn, M. M.: Polymer Melt Processing: Foundations in Fluid Mechanics and Heat Transfer, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK (2008) 10.1017/CBO9780511813177Search in Google Scholar

Dreyer, J. L.: Injection Assistée par Gaz, Techniques de l’Ingénieur, AM 3693 (2012)Search in Google Scholar

Douven, L. F. A., Baaijen, F. T. P. and Meijer, H. E. H., “The Computation of Properties of Injection Moulded Product”, Prog. Polym. Sci., 20, 403–457 (1995) 10.1016/0079-6700(94)00037-3Search in Google Scholar

Dupont, S.: Extrusion Soufflage de Grands Corps Creux, Techniques de l’Ingénieur, AM 3646 (2013)10.51257/a-v1-am3646Search in Google Scholar

Farhoudi, Y., Kamal, M. R., “Measurement and Computation of Thermal Stresses in Injection Molding of HDPE”, Int. J. Forming Proc., 2, 277–306 (1999)Search in Google Scholar

Foudrinier, E.: Etude Numérique et Expérimentale du Procédé d’Extrusiond Pâtes Argileuses, Thèse de Doctorat, Ecole des Mines de Paris (2007)Search in Google Scholar

Gagon, D. K., Denn, M. M., “Computer-Simulation of Steady Polymer Melt Spinning”, Polym. Eng. Sci., 21, 844–853 (1981) 10.1002/pen.760211307Search in Google Scholar

Gamache, E.: Soufflage de Gaine, Techniques de l’Ingénieur, AM 3702 (2010)10.51257/a-v1-am3702Search in Google Scholar

Gleissle, W.: “Chapter No. 12 Rate of Stress Controlled Rheometry, in Rheological Measurement”, Colyer, A. A., Clegg, D. W. (Eds.), Chapman and Hall, London, p. 356–391 (1998)10.1007/978-94-011-4934-1_12Search in Google Scholar

Gobeau, J. F.: Etude Expérimentale et Simulation Numérique 3D par Eléments Finis de l’Ecoulement dans les Filières d’Extrusion de Profilés PVC, Thèse de Doctorat, Ecole des Mines de Paris (1996)Search in Google Scholar

Gonçalves, N. D., Carneiro, O. S. and Nobrega, J. M., “Design of Complex Profile Extrusion Dies through Numerical Modeling”, J. Non-Newtonian Fluid Mech., 100, 103–110 (2013) 10.1016/j.jnnfm.2013.02.007Search in Google Scholar

Gou, Z., Mchugh, A. J., “A Comparison of Newtonian and Viscoelastic Constitutive Models for Dry Spinning of Polymer Fibers”, J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 87, 2136–2145 (2003) 10.1002/app.11583Search in Google Scholar

Gruau, C., Coupez, T., “3D Tetrahedral, Unstructured and Anisotropic Mesh Generation with Adaptation to Natural and Multidomain Metric”, Comput. Meth. Appl. Mech. Eng., 194,4961–4976 (2005) 10.1016/j.cma.2004.11.020Search in Google Scholar

Haagh, G. A. A. V., Peters, G. W. M., Van de Vosse, F. N. and Meijer, H. E. H., “A 3D Finite Element Model for Gas-Assisted Injection Molding: Simulations and Experiments”, Polym. Eng. Sci., 41, 449–461 (2001) 10.1002/pen.10742Search in Google Scholar

D’Halewyn, S.: Etude de l’Ecoulement d’un Mélange d’Elastomères dans une Filière de Profilé, Thèse de Doctorat, Ecole des Mines de Paris (1992)Search in Google Scholar

Hele-Shaw, H. S., “The Motion of Perfect Fluid”, Notes on Proceedings of the Royal Institution of Great Britain, 16, 49–64 (1899)Search in Google Scholar

Hétu, J. F., Gao, D. M., Garcia-Rejon, A. and Salloum, G., “3D Finite Element Method for the Simulation of the Filling Stage in Injection Molding”, Polym. Eng. Sci., 38, 223–236 (1998) 10.1002/pen.10183Search in Google Scholar

Hieber, C. A., Shen, S. F., “A Finite-Element/Finite-Difference Simulation of the Injection-Molding Filling Process”, J. Non-Newtonian Fluid Mech., 7, 1–32 (1980) 10.1016/0377-0257(80)85012-9 Search in Google Scholar

Huilier, D., Terrisse, J., de La Lande, M. E. and Latrobe, A., “Modeling the Packing-Cooling Stage in Injection Molding of Amorphous Polymers”, Int. Polym. Proc., 4, 184–190 (1988) 10.3139/217.880184Search in Google Scholar

Huneault, M. A., Lafleur, P. G. and Carreau, P. J., ”Evaluation of the PAN Technique for Profile Die Design”, Int. Polym. Proc., 11, 50–57 (1996) 10.3139/217.960050Search in Google Scholar

Hurez, P., Tanguy, P. A. and Blouin, D., “Numerical Simulation of Profile Extrusion Dies without Flow Separation”, Polym. Eng. Sci., 33, 971–979 (1993) 10.1002/pen.760331506Search in Google Scholar

Jarecki, L., Ziabicki, A., “Viscosity Effects in Computer Modeling of Fiber Spinning from Crystallizing Polymer Melts”, Polimery, 49, 101–109 (2004)10.14314/polimery.2004.101Search in Google Scholar

Kabanemi, K. K.: Simulation Numérique par Elements Finis du Retrait et du Compactage en Moulage par Injection, Thèse de Doctorat, Université Catholique de Louvain, Louvain la Neuve, Belgique (1991)Search in Google Scholar

Kabanemi, K. K., Vaillancourt, H., Wang, H. and Salloum, G., “Residual Stresses, Shrinkage, and Warpage of Complex Injection Molding Products: Numerical Simulation and Experimental Validation”, Polym. Eng. Sci., 38, 21–37 (1998) 10.1002/pen.10162Search in Google Scholar

Kalika, D. S., Denn, M. M., “Wall Slip and Extrudate Distorsion in Linear Low Density Polyethylene”, J. Rheol., 31, 815–834 (1987) 10.1122/1.549942Search in Google Scholar

Kamal, M. R., Kenig, S., “The Injection Molding of Thermoplastics. Part I: Theoretical Model”, Polym. Eng. Sci., 12, 294–301 (1972) 10.1002/pen.760120408Search in Google Scholar

Kamal, M., Kuo, Y. and Doan, P. H., “The Injection Molding Behavior of Thermoplastics in Thin Rectangular Cavities”, Polym. Eng. Sci., 15, 863–868 (1975) 10.1002/pen.760151208Search in Google Scholar

Kamal, M. R., Lai-Fook, R. A. and Hernandez-Aguilar, J. R., “Residual Thermal Stresses in Injection Moldings of Thermoplastics: A Theoretical and Experimental Study”, Polym. Eng. Sci., 42, 1098–1114 (2002) 10.1002/pen.11015Search in Google Scholar

Keunings, R., “Chapter No. 9 Simulation of Viscoelastic Fluid Flow”, in Fundamentals of Computer Modeling for Polymer Processing, TuckerIII, C. L. (Ed.), Hanser, Munich, p. 402–470 (1989)Search in Google Scholar

Kim, S. W., Turng, L. S., “Developments of Three-Dimensional Computer-Aided Engineering Simulation for Injection Molding”, Modell. Simul. Mat. Sci. Eng., 12, 151–173 (2004) 10.1088/0965-0393/12/3/S07Search in Google Scholar

Lafleur, P. G., Vergnes, B.: Polymer Extrusion, Wiley, London (2014) 10.1002/9781118827123Search in Google Scholar

Langkamp, U., Michaeli, W., “On-Line Monitoring of Parison Geometry to Prevent Sag and Swell”, Plast. Eng., 52, 29–31 (1996)Search in Google Scholar

Lee, K., Mackley, M. R., “The Importance of Slip in Matching Polyethylene Processing Data with Numerical Simulation”, J. Non Newtonian Fluid Mech., 94, 159–177 (2000) 10.1016/S0377-0257(00)00147-6Search in Google Scholar

Lee, K., Mackley, M. R., “The Application of the Multi-Pass Rheometer for Precise Rheo-Optic Characterisation of Polyethylene Melts”, Chem. Eng. Sci., 56, 5653–5661 (2001) 10.1016/S0009-2509(01)00153-1Search in Google Scholar

Likhtman, A. E., Graham, R. S., “Simple Constitutive Equation for Linear Polymer Melts Derived from Molecular Theory: Rolie-Poly Equation”, J. Non-Newtonian Fluid Mech., 114, 1–12 (2003) 10.1016/S0377-0257(03)00114-9Search in Google Scholar

Lodge, A. S.: Elastic Liquids, Academic Press, New York (1964)Search in Google Scholar

Mackley, M. R., Marshall, R. T. J., Smeulders, J. B. A. F. and Zhao, F. D., “The Rheological Characterization of Polymeric and Colloidal Fluids”, Chem. Eng. Sci., 49, 2551–2565 (1994) 10.1016/0009-2509(94)E0082-2Search in Google Scholar

Mackley, M. R., Hassell, D. G., “The Multipass Rheometer: A Review”, J. Non-Newtonian Fluid Mech., 166, 421–456 (2011) 10.1016/j.jnnfm.2011.01.007Search in Google Scholar

Maillefer, C., Boudineuses à Vis, Swiss Patent 363149 (1959)Search in Google Scholar

Marrucci, G., Ianniruberto, G., “Flow Induced Orientation and Stretching of Entangled Polymers”, Philosophical Transaction of the Royal Society of London, Series A – Mathematical Physical and Engineering Series, 361, 677–687 (2003) 10.1098/rsta.2002.1156Search in Google Scholar

Mavridis, H., Hrymak, A. N. and Vlachopoulos, J., “Finite Element Simulation of Fountain Flow in Injection Molding”, Polym. Eng. Sci., 26, 449–454 (1986) 10.1002/pen.760260702Search in Google Scholar

Mckelvey, J. M.: Polymer Processing, Wiley, New York (1962)Search in Google Scholar

Mckinley, G. H., Pakdel, P. and Oztekin, A., “Rheological and Geometric Scaling of Purely Elastic Flow Instabilities”, J. Non-Newtonian Fluid Mech., 67, 19–47 (1996) 10.1016/S0377-0257(96)01453-XSearch in Google Scholar

Mcleisch, T. C. B., Larson, R. G., “Molecular Constitutive Equation for a Class of Branched Polymers: The Pom-Pom Polymer”, J. Rheol., 42, 81–110 (1998) 10.1122/1.550933Search in Google Scholar

Mooney, M., “Explicit Formula for Slip and Fluidity”, Trans. Soc. Rheol., 2, 210–222 (1931) 10.1122/1.2116364Search in Google Scholar

Papanastasiou, A. C., Scriven, L. E. and Macosko, C. W., “An Integral Constitutive Equation for Mixed Flows: Viscoelastic Characterization”, J. Rheol., 27, 387–410 (1987) 10.1122/1.549712Search in Google Scholar

Papanastasiou, A. C., Macosko, C. W., Scriven, L. E. and Chen, Z., “Fiber Spinning of Viscoelastic Liquids”, AIChE J., 33, 834–842 (1987) 10.1002/aic.690330516Search in Google Scholar

Pearson, J. R. A.: Mechanical Principles of Polymer Melt Processing, Pergamon Press, Oxford (1966)Search in Google Scholar

Phan Thien, N., Tanner, R. I., “A New Constitutive Equation Derived from Network Theory”, J. Non-Newtonian Fluid Mech., 2, 353–365 (1977) 10.1016/0377-0257(77)80021-9Search in Google Scholar

Pichelin, E., Coupez, T., “Finite Element Solution of the 3D Mold Filling Problem for Viscous Incompressible Fluid”, Comput. Meth. Appl. Mech. Eng., 163, 359–371 (1998) 10.1016/S0045-7825(98)00024-3Search in Google Scholar

Plantamura, B.: Soufflage de Corps Creux Biorientés, Techniques de l’Ingénieur, AM 3700 (2012)10.51257/a-v1-am3700Search in Google Scholar

Potente, H., Schöppner, A., “Throughput Model for Grooved Bush Extruders”, Int. Polym. Proc., 10, 289–295 (1995) 10.3139/217.950289Search in Google Scholar

Rauwendaal, C.: Polymer Extrusion, 4^th Edition, Hanser, Munich (2001)10.1002/0471440264.pst126Search in Google Scholar

Rodriguez-Villa, A., Agassant, J. F. and Bellet, M., “Finite Element Simulation of the Extrusion Blow-Molding Process”, in Simulation of Material Processing, Theory, Methods and Applications, Shen, S. D., DawsonP. (Eds.), Balkerma, Amsterdam, p. 1053–1058 (1995)Search in Google Scholar

Roozemond, P. C., Peters, G. W. M., “Flow-Enhanced Nucleation of Poly(1-butene): Model Application to Short-Term and Continuous Shear and Extensional Flow”, J. Rheology, 57, 1633–1652 (2013) 10.1122/1.4821609Search in Google Scholar

Ruymbeke, E. V., Keunings, R. and Bailly, C., “Determination of the Molecular Weight Distribution of Entangled Linear Polymers From Linear Viscoelasticity Data”, J. Non-Newtonian Fluid Mech., 105, 153–175 (2002) 10.1016/S0377-0257(02)00080-0Search in Google Scholar

Saillard, P., Agassant, J. F., “Polymer Flow in a Spiral Mandrel Die for Tubular Films”, Polym. Proc. Eng., 2, 7–52 (1984)Search in Google Scholar

Silva, L., Gruau, C., Agassant, J. F., Coupez, T. and Mauffrey, J., “Advanced Finite Element 3D Injection Molding”, Int. Polym. Proc., 20, 265–273 (2005) 10.3139/217.1888Search in Google Scholar

Silva, L., Agassant, J. F. and Coupez, T., “Chapter No. 15 Three Dimensional Injection Molding Simulation”, in Injection Molding. Technology and Fundamentals, Kamal, M. R., Isayev, A., Liu, S. J. (Eds.), Hanser, Munich, p. 599–651 (2009) 10.3139/9783446433731.015Search in Google Scholar

Silva, L., Valette, R., Laure, P. and Coupez, T., “A New Three-Dimensional Mixed Finite Element for Direct Numerical Simulation of Compressible Viscoelastic Flows with Moving Free Surfaces”, Int. J. Mater. Form., 5, 55–72 (2012) 10.1007/s12289-011-1030-2Search in Google Scholar

Tadmor, Z., Klein, I.: Engineering Principles of Plasticating Extrusion, Van Nostrand Reinhold, New York (1970)Search in Google Scholar

Tadmor, Z., Gogos, C. G.: Principles of Polymer Processing, 2^nd Edition, Wiley, New York (2006)Search in Google Scholar

Titomanlio, G., Brucato, V. and Kamal, M. R., “Mechanism of Cooling Stress Build-Up in Injection Molding of Thermoplastic Polymers”, Int. Polym. Proc., 2, 55–59 (1987) 10.3139/217.870055Search in Google Scholar

Titomanlio, G., Piccarolo, S. and Levati, G., “On the Packing-Holding Flow in the Injection Molding of Thermoplastic Polymers”, J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 35, 1483–1495 (1988) 10.1002/app.1988.070350607Search in Google Scholar

Trouton, F. T., “On the Coefficient of Viscous Traction and its Relation to That of Viscosity”, Proc. Roy. Soc. London, A77, 426–440 (1906) 10.1098/rspa.1906.0038Search in Google Scholar

Valette, R., Laure, P., Demay, Y. and Agassant, J. F., “Experimental Investigation of the Development of Interfacial Instabilities in Two-Layer Coextrusion Flow”, Int. Polym. Proc., 19, 118–128 (2004) 10.3139/217.1819Search in Google Scholar

Valette, R., Mackley, M. R. and Hernandez Fernandez del Castillo, G., “Matching Time Dependent Pressure Driven Flows with a Rolie Poly Numerical Simulation”, J. Non-Newtonian Fluid Mech., 136, 118–125 (2006) 10.1016/j.jnnfm.2006.03.012Search in Google Scholar

Vergnes, B., Saillard, P. and Plantamura, B., “Berechnungsmethoden für Breitschlitz Extrusionwerkzeuge”, Kunststoffe, 70, 750–752 (1980)Search in Google Scholar

Vergnes, B., Saillard, P. and Agassant, J. F., “Non-Isothermal Flow of a Molten Polymer in a Coat-Hanger Die”, Polym. Eng. Sci., 24, 980–987 (1984) 10.1002/pen.760241207Search in Google Scholar

Vergnes, B., Bennani, N. and Guichard, C., “Experimental and Theoretical Approach to the Extrusion of Rubber Compounds with a Two-Stage Extruder”, Int. Polym. Proc., 1, 19–24 (1986) 10.3139/217.860019Search in Google Scholar

Vergnes, B., Agassant, J. F.: Modélisation des Ecoulements dans les Filières d’Extrusion, Techniques de l’Ingénieur, AM 3 655, (2008)Search in Google Scholar

Wagner, M. H., “Analysis of Time-Dependent Non-Linear Stress-Growth Data for Shear and Elongational Flow of a Low-Density Branched Polyethylene Melt”, Rheol. Acta, 15, 136–142 (1976) 10.1007/BF01517504Search in Google Scholar

Wang, V. W., Hieber, C. A. and Wang, K. K., “Dynamic Simulation and Graphics for the Injection Molding of Three-Dimensional Thin Parts”, J. Polym. Eng., 7, 21–45 (1986)10.1515/polyeng-1986-0104Search in Google Scholar

White, J. L., Metzner, A. B., “Development of Constitutive Equations for Polymeric Melts and Solutions”, J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 7, 1867–1889 (1963) 10.1002/app.1963.070070524Search in Google Scholar

William, M. L. Landel, R. F. and Ferry, J. D., “Temperature Dependence of Relaxation Mechanisms in Amorphous Polymers and Other Glass Forming Liquids”, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 77, 3701–3706 (1955) 10.1021/ja01619a008Search in Google Scholar

Willien, J. L.: Modélisation Surfacique du Remplissage de Moules en Injection des Thermoplastiques. Thèse de Doctorat, Ecole des Mines de Paris (1992)Search in Google Scholar

Wilson, J. M., Khomami, B., “An Experimental Investigation of Interfacial Instabilities in Multilayer Flow of Viscoelastic Fluids. II. Elastic and Nonlinear Effects in Incompatible Polymer System”, J. Rheol., 37, 315–339 (1993) 10.1122/1.550445Search in Google Scholar

Yasuda, K. Y., Amstrong, R. C. and Cohen, R. E., “Shear Flow Properties of Concentrated Solutions of Linear and Star Branched Polystyrenes”, Rheol Acta, 20, 163–178 (1981) 10.1007/BF01513059Search in Google Scholar