Distribution & Access For Publication Downloads News About Us Contact Us
Paper Titles
Key Technologies Research on Color Contour Map of 3D Injection Molding Simulation Results
p.1998
Numerical Simulation of the Effect of Punch Paths on the Quality of Sheet Metal Stretch Forming
p.2002
Numerical Simulation on the Influence of Heated Mold Continuous Casting Process Parameters to Solid-Liquid Interface
p.2006
Minimum Quantity Lubrication (MQL) Using Ranque – Hilsch Vortex Tube (RHVT) for Sustainable Machining
p.2012
Rapid Prototyping of Aerodynamics Research Models
p.2016
Study on Hot Stamping Process of Cannonball Body Semiproduct Based on Numerical Simulation
p.2026
Supply Abrasive System of Premixed Abrasive Jet and Derusting Application
p.2033
Microstructure and Recrystallization Behavior of an as-Extruded PM Nickel-Base Superalloy
p.2038
A Study of Hollow Jet on Spray Forming
p.2042

Rapid Prototyping of Aerodynamics Research Models

Article Preview

Abstract:

Rapid prototyping techniques are ideally suited to the manufacture of aerodynamics research models as these items usually consist of highly complex 3 Dimensional (3D) forms. The fabrication of complex curvatures on traditional Computer Numerical Control (CNC) machines often requires the production of additional tooling supports to allow for full machining of all surfaces. Such a necessity often results in extra cost and fabrication time, as well as a potential loss in accuracy due to any repositioning required to allow machining of internal and external features. It is often necessary to divide the model into additional sections to allow for the machining of internal features which can cause issues with mismatching of adjacent surfaces. The inclusion of small or complex internal features and hollow sections may be problematic if not impossible. In contrast, many rapid prototyping techniques eliminate most of these manufacturing issues due to the additive nature of modern 3D printing processes. Popular techniques for the rapid prototyping of polymers include Selective Laser Sintering (SLS), Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM) and stereolithography. The basic technique reduces a 3D object into a series of thin 2D slices. The 2D slices are then “printed” vertically in succession to produce the final 3D item The “slicing” technique is readily compatible with the formation of complex 3D curvatures as well as internal and hollow features. In addition, any required tooling supports are produced simultaneously with the desired item, which greatly reduces processing time and loss of accuracy due to part repositioning. The necessity to produce a model from multiple sections to allow access for machining of internal features can in many cases be reduced significantly. The characteristics intrinsic to many modern 3D printing techniques are greatly beneficial for the production of complex wind tunnel models made from polymer. The current work describes the design process and features of a wind tunnel model used for research into a novel aerodynamic flow control technique. An additive manufacturing technique was chosen as the most suitable for the rapid, accurate and simplest fabrication process for the model.

You might also be interested in these eBooks
Advanced Materials and Process Technology View Preview

Info:

Periodical:

Applied Mechanics and Materials (Volumes 217-219)

Pages:

2016-2025

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/AMM.217-219.2016

Citation:

Cite this paper

Online since:

November 2012

Authors:

Simon Shun, Noor Alam Ahmed

Keywords:

Aerodynamic Research Models, Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM), Polymer, Rapid Prototyping (RP), Selective Laser Sintering, Stereo-Lithography

Export:

RIS, BibTeX

Price:

Permissions:

Request Permissions

References

[1] Ahmed, N.A., Elder, R.L., Foster, C.P. & Jones, J.D.C., "A Novel 3D Laser Anemometer for Boundary Layer Studies," ASME Conf., Boston, USA, 15th December 1987. Also in the 3rd International Symposium on Laser Anemometry, edited by Dybs, A. et al, ASME, The Fluids Engineering Division, Vol. 55, pp.175-178.

Google Scholar

[2] Ahmed, N.A., Elder, R.L., Foster, C.P. & Jones, J.D.C., "Miniature Laser Anemometer for 3D Measurements," Engineering Optics, Vol. 3, No. 2, 1990, pp.191-196.

Google Scholar

[3] Ahmed, N.A., Elder, R.L., Foster, C.P. & Jones, J.D.C, "Laser Anemometry in Turbomachines," IMechE Proc, Part G, J of Aerospace Engineering, Vol. 205, 1991, pp.1-12.

Google Scholar

[4] Ahmed, N.A., Elder, R.L., Foster, C.P. & Jones, J.D.C, "Fibre Optic Laser Anemometry for Turbo machinery Applications," Optics and Lasers in Engineering, Vol. 15, No. 2-3, 1992, pp.193-205.

DOI: 10.1016/0143-8166(92)90009-v

Google Scholar

[5] Ahmed, N.A. & Elder, R.L., "Flow Behavior in a High Speed Centrifugal Impeller Passage under Design and Off-design Operating Conditions," Fluids and Thermal Engineering, JSME International series B, Vol.43, No.1, 2000, pp.22-28.

DOI: 10.1299/jsmeb.43.22

Google Scholar

[6] Gatto, A., Byrne, K.P., Ahmed, N.A. & Archer, R.D., "Pressure Measurements over a Cylinder in Crossflow using Plastic Tubing," Experiments in Fluids, Vol. 30, Iss. 1, 2001, pp.43-46.

DOI: 10.1007/s003480000133

Google Scholar

[7] Ahmed, N.A., "Implementation of a momentum integral technique for total drag measurement," International Journal of Mechanical Engineering and Education, Vol.30, No.4, 2002.

Google Scholar

[8] Pissasale, A., &Ahmed, N.A., "Theoretical calibration of a five hole probe for highly three dimensional flow," International Journal of Measurement Science and Technology, Vol. 13, July, 2002, pp.1100-1107.

DOI: 10.1088/0957-0233/13/7/318

Google Scholar

[9] Pissasale, A., & Ahmed, N.A., "A novel method of extending the calibration range of five hole probe for highly three dimensional flows," Journal of Flow Measurement and Instrumentation, vol. 13, issues 1-2, March-April, 2002, pp.23-30

DOI: 10.1016/s0955-5986(02)00011-0

Google Scholar

[10] Pissasale, A., & Ahmed, N.A., "Examining the effect of flow reversal on seven-hole probe measurements," AIAA Journal, Vol. 41, No. 12, 2003, pp.2460-2467.

DOI: 10.2514/2.6845

Google Scholar

[11] Pissasale, A., & Ahmed, N.A., "Development of a functional relationship between port pressures and flow properties for the calibration and application of multi-hole probes to highly three-dimensional flows," Experiments in Fluids, Vol. 36, No.3, 2004, pp.422-436.

DOI: 10.1007/s00348-003-0740-8

Google Scholar

[12] Lien, J. & Ahmed, N.A., "An examination of the suitability of multi-hole pressure probe technique for skin friction measurement in turbulent flow," in press, Journal of Flow Measurement and Instrumentation, Vol. 22, 2011, pp.153-164

DOI: 10.1016/j.flowmeasinst.2011.01.004

Google Scholar

[13] Ahmed, N.A., "Detection of Separation bubble using spectral analysis of fluctuating surface pressure," International Review of Aerospace Engineering', Vol.4, No. 4, 2011.

Google Scholar

[14] Simpson, R.G., Ahmed, N.A. & Archer, R.D., "Improvement of a Wing Performance using Coanda Tip Jets," Journal of Aircraft, Vol. 37, No. 1, 2000, pp.183-184.

DOI: 10.2514/2.2579

Google Scholar

[15] Ahmed, N.A. & Archer, R.D., "Performance Improvement of a Bi-plane with Endplates," Journal of Aircraft, Vol.38, No.2, 2001, pp.398-400.

Google Scholar

[16] Ahmed, N.A. & Archer, R.D., "Post-Stall Behavior of a Wing under Externally Imposed Sound," Journal of Aircraft, Vol. 38, No.5, 2001, pp.961-963.

DOI: 10.2514/2.2861

Google Scholar

[17] Simpson, R.G., Ahmed, N.A. & Archer, R.D., "Near Field Study of Vortex Attenuation using Wing Tip Blowing", The Aeronautical Journal, Vol. 102, March, (2002)

DOI: 10.1017/s0001924000012847

Google Scholar

[18] Ahmed, N.A. & Goonaratne, J., "Lift augmentation of a low aspect ratio thick wing at a very low angle of incidence operating in ground effect," Journal of Aircraft , Vol. 39, No.2, (2002)

DOI: 10.2514/2.2940

Google Scholar

[19] Ahmed, N.A., "An acoustic energy concept for the design of a flow meter," International Journal of Vibration and Acoustics, Vol.8, No.1, 2003, pp.52-58.

Google Scholar

[20] Longmuir, M. & Ahmed, N.A., "Commercial Aircraft Exterior Cleaning Optimization," Journal of Aircraft, Vol. 46, No. 1, 2009, pp.284-290.

DOI: 10.2514/1.38472

Google Scholar

[21] Wu, C. & Ahmed, N.A., "Numerical Study of Transient Aircraft Cabin Flowfield with Unsteady Air Supply," Journal of Aircraft, Vol. 48, no.6, 2011, pp.2164-2169.

DOI: 10.2514/1.c031415

Google Scholar

[22] Wu, C. & Ahmed, N.A., "Application of Flow Control Technique for Indoor Ventilation," proceedings, Evolving Energy-IEF International Energy Congress, Sydney; 2012.

Google Scholar

[23] Matsoukas, G, & Ahmed, N.A., "Experimental Investigation of Employing Asymmetrical Electrodes in Propulsion of Vehicles," proceedings, Evolving Energy-IEF International Energy Congress, Sydney; 2012.

DOI: 10.1016/j.proeng.2012.10.134

Google Scholar

[24] Riazi, H. & Ahmed, N.A., "Effect of the ratio of specific heats on a small scale solar Brayton cycle," proceedings, Evolving Energy-IEF International Energy Congress, Sydney; 2012.

DOI: 10.1016/j.proeng.2012.10.136

Google Scholar

[25] Yen, J. & Ahmed, N.A., "Improving the Safety and Performance of Small-Scale Vertical Axis Wind Turbine," proceedings, IEF International Energy Congress, Sydney, 2012.

Google Scholar

[26] Wongpanyathaworn, M., & Ahmed, N.A., "Optimising louver locations to improve indoor thermal comfort based on natural ventilation," proceedings, Evolving Energy-IEF International Energy Congress, Sydney; 2012.

DOI: 10.1016/j.proeng.2012.10.125

Google Scholar

[27] Findanis, N. & Ahmed, N.A., "Control and Management of Particulate Emissions using Improved Reverse Pulse-Jet Cleaning Systems," proceedings, Evolving Energy-IEF International Energy Congress, Sydney; 2012.

DOI: 10.1016/j.proeng.2012.10.132

Google Scholar

[28] Flynn, T.G., Behfarshad, G. & Ahmed, N.A., "Development of a Wind Tunnel Test Section to Simulate the Effect of Rain on roof ventilation systems and environmental measuring devices," proceedings, Evolving Energy-IEF International Energy Congress, Sydney; 2012.

DOI: 10.1016/j.proeng.2012.10.133

Google Scholar

[29] Zheng, Y.Y., Ahmed, N.A. & Zhang, W., "Impact Analysis of Varying Strength Counter-flow Jet Ejection on a Blunt Shaped Body in A Supersonic Flow," in press, Advances and Applications in Fluid Mechanics.

Google Scholar

[30] Matsoukas, G. & Ahmed, N.A., "Investigation of Ionic Wind as a Means of Generating Propulsive Force," in press, International Review of Aerospace Engineering.

Google Scholar

[31] Wallis, R. A., "The Use of Air Jets for Boundary Layer Control," Aerodynamic Research Laboratories, Aero Note 110, Melbourne, Australia, 1952.

Google Scholar

[32] Selby, G. V., Lin, J. C., and Howard, E. G., "Control of Low-Speed Turbulent Separated Flow Using Jet Vortex Generators," Experiments in Fluids, Vol. 12, No. 6, 1992, p.394–400.

DOI: 10.1007/bf00193886

Google Scholar

[33] Bridges, A., and Smith, D. R., "Influence of Orifice Orientation on a Synthetic Jet-Boundary Layer Interaction," AIAA Journal, Vol. 41, No. 12, 2003, p.2394–2402.

DOI: 10.2514/2.6838

Google Scholar

[34] Zhang, X., "An Inclined Rectangular Jet in a Turbulent Boundary Layer-Vortex Flow," Experiments in Fluids, Vol. 28, No. 4, 2000, p.344–354.

DOI: 10.1007/s003480050393

Google Scholar

[35] Johari, H., Zhang, Q., Rose, M. J., and Bourque, S. M., "Impulsively tarted Turbulent Jets," AIAA Journal, Vol. 35, No. 4, 1997, p.657–662.

DOI: 10.2514/3.13562

Google Scholar

[36] Zhang, Q., and Johari, H., "Effects of Acceleration on Turbulent Jets," Physics of Fluids, Vol. 8, No.8, 1996, p.2185–2195.

DOI: 10.1063/1.868991

Google Scholar

[37] Johari, H., Pacheco-Tougas, M., and Hermanson, J. C., "Penetration and Mixing of Fully Modulated Turbulent Jets in Crossflow," AIAA Journal, Vol. 37, No. 7, 1999, p.842–850.

DOI: 10.2514/3.14252

Google Scholar

[38] Johari, H., and Rixon, G. S., "Effects of Pulsing on a Vortex Generator Jet," AIAA Journal, Vol. 41, No. 12, 2003, p.2309–2315.

DOI: 10.2514/2.6836

Google Scholar

[39] Eroglu, A., and Breidenthal, R. E., "Structure, Penetration, and Mixing of Pulsed Jets in Crossflow," AIAA Journal, Vol. 39, No. 3, 2001, p.417–423.

DOI: 10.2514/2.1351

Google Scholar

[40] Eroglu, A., and Breidenthal, R. E., "Exponentially Accelerating Jet in Crossflow," AIAA Journal, Vol. 36, No. 6, 1998, p.1002–1009.

DOI: 10.2514/3.13925

Google Scholar

[41] Singh, C., Peake, D. J., Kokkalis, A., Khodagolian, V., Coton, F. N., and Galbraith, R. A. M., "Control of Rotorcraft Retreating Blade Stall Using Air-Jet Vortex Generators," Journal of Aircraft, Vol. 43, No. 4, 2006, p.1169–1176.

DOI: 10.2514/1.18333

Google Scholar

[42] Krzysiak, A., "Control of Flow Separation Using Self-Supplying Air- Jet Vortex Generators," AIAA Journal, Vol. 46, No. 9, 2008, p.2229–2234.

DOI: 10.2514/1.30150

Google Scholar

[43] Shun, S. & Ahmed, N.A., "Airfoil Separation Control Using Multiple-Orifice Air-Jet Vortex Generators," Journal of Aircraft, Vol. 48, No. 6, 2011, pp.2164-2169.

DOI: 10.2514/1.c031387

Google Scholar

Scientific.Net is a registered brand of Trans Tech Publications Ltd
© 2024 by Trans Tech Publications Ltd. All Rights Reserved