Paper Titles

Preface, Organizers, Committees and Sponsors

Predicting Internal Oxidation: Building on the Wagner Model
p.1

Compatible Coating System to Provide Long-Life and High-Reliability
p.12

Ionic Transport under Chemical Potential Gradients - Kinetic Demixing and Decomposition in Metal Oxides and Scale Growth in High-Temperature Oxidation
p.28

Void Formation at the Interface of the Duplex Scale Formed on Fe-5Cr Alloy at 773 K
p.34

The Reactive Element Effect – Past, Present and Future
p.39

Dissociative Adsorption of Carbonaceous Gases on Ni Containing Representative Elements
p.45

Discussions on some Properties of Alumina Scales and their Protectiveness
p.51

The Future of Alumina-Forming Alloys: Challenges and Applications for Power Generation
p.57

HomeMaterials Science ForumMaterials Science Forum Vol. 696Predicting Internal Oxidation: Building on the...

Predicting Internal Oxidation: Building on the Wagner Model

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Abstract:

Wagner’s 1959 diffusion model of the internal oxidation process provided a method of predicting the rate at which a binary alloy was penetrated by dissolved oxygen as it precipitated the more reactive (but dilute) alloy component. Parabolic kinetics were predicted to depend on oxygen permeability in the unreacted alloy solvent and also, in cases where the reactive component was sufficiently mobile, the diffusion coefficient of the latter. The model has proven very successful, but is restricted to single oxidant-binary alloy systems, in which the precipitated oxide has extremely low solubility. This paper reviews recent results on a number of internal precipitation processes which cannot be described with the Wagner theory. These include formation of low stability carbides and nitrades; internal precipitation driven by multiple oxidants; the templating effects of prior precipitates on subsequently formed corrosion products; cellular precipitation morphologies; internal interface diffusion effects; volume changes in the reaction zone and the effects upon them of simultaneous external scaling.

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High-Temperature Oxidation and Corrosion 2010

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Periodical:

Materials Science Forum (Volume 696)

Pages:

1-11

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/MSF.696.1

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Online since:

September 2011

Authors:

David J. Young

Keywords:

Carburization, Cellular Precipitation, Diffusion, Kinetic, Low Stability Precipitates, Nitridation

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