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Feeding by Leptoglossus occidentalis (Hemiptera: Coreidae) reduces seed set in lodgepole pine (Pinaceae)

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  31 May 2012

Ward B. Strong ,
Sarah L. Bates  and
Michael U. Stoehr
Ward B. Strong*
Affiliation:
British Columbia Ministry of Forests, Kalamalka Forestry Centre, 3401 Reservoir Road, Vernon, British Columbia, Canada V1B 2C7
Sarah L. Bates
Affiliation:
Department of Biological Sciences, Simon Fraser University, 8888 University Way, Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada V5A 1S6
Michael U. Stoehr
Affiliation:
British Columbia Ministry of Forests, Research Branch, 712 Yates Street, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada V8W 1L4
*
1 Author to whom all correspondence should be addressed (E-mail: Ward.Strong@gems7.gov.bc.ca).
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Abstract

Low seed set is a serious problem in seed orchards of lodgepole pine (Pinus contorta var. latifolia Engelmann) in the southern interior of British Columbia. We tested the hypothesis that Leptoglossus occidentalis Heidemann is responsible for the low seed set. Cones enclosed in insect exclusion bags as part of a pollination experiment produced significantly more filled seeds per cone than cones that were not bagged. In a separate bagging experiment, cones that were enclosed with a L. occidentalis female and her progeny produced only about one filled seed per cone, compared with about 28 seeds in bagged control cones. Changes in microclimate associated with the use of bags did not appear to be responsible for the observed increase in seed set in bagged cones. Leptoglossus occidentalis was also excluded from trees using the insecticide fenvalerate. Cones on fenvalerate-treated trees produced > 11 filled seeds per cone, whereas water-treated (control) cones produced < 1.7 filled seeds. These data suggest that L. occidentalis should be considered a serious pest in lodgepole pine seed orchards.

Résumé

La faible grenaison est un problème sérieux dans les plantations de production de graines du pin de Murray (Pinus contorta var. latifolia Engelmann) dans la région intérieure du sud de la Colombie-Britannique. Nous avons éprouvé l’hypothèse selon laquelle le responsable de cette réduction est Leptoglossus occidentalis Heidemann. Au cours d’une expérience sur la pollinisation, des cônes enfermés dans des sacs à l’épreuve des insectes ont produit plus de graines pleines par cône que les cônes non protégés. Dans une autre expérience d’ensachage, les cônes qui ont été enfermés en présence d’une femelle de L. occidentalis avec sa progéniture n’ont produit grosso modo qu’une graine pleine par cône, alors que les cônes témoins non ensachés produisent environ 28 graines pleines par cône. Les changements de microclimat associés à l’ensachage ne semblent pas responsables de l’augmentation de la grenaison observée dans les cônes mis en sac. Leptoglossus occidentalis a également été exclus des arbres par un traitement à l’insecticide fenvalerate. Les cônes des arbres traités au fenvalerate ont produit plus de 11 graines pleines par cône, alors que les cônes des arbres témoins traités à l’eau ont donné moins de 1,7 graine pleine par cône. Ces données indiquent que L. occidentalis doit être considéré comme une espèce très nuisible dans les plantations de production de graines du pin de Murray.

[Traduit par la Rédaction]

Type
Articles
Information
The Canadian Entomologist , Volume 133 , Issue 6 , December 2001 , pp. 857 - 865
Copyright
Copyright © Entomological Society of Canada 2001

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