ABSTRACT

A perennial bestseller since 1997, this updated tenth edition of Understanding Research Methods provides a detailed overview of all the important concepts traditionally covered in a research methods class. It covers the principles of both qualitative and quantitative research, and how to interpret statistics without computations, so is suitable for all students regardless of their math background. The book is organized so that each concept is treated independently and can be used in any order without resulting in gaps in knowledge—allowing it to be easily and precisely adapted to any course.

It uses lively examples on contemporary topics to stimulate students’ interest, and engages them by showing the relevance of research methods to their everyday lives. Numerous case studies and end-of-section exercises help students master the material and encourage classroom discussion.

The text is divided into short, independent topic sections, making it easy for you to adapt the material to your own teaching needs and customize assignments to the aspect of qualitative or quantitative methods under study—helping to improve students’ comprehension and retention of difficult concepts. Additional online PowerPoint slides and test bank questions make this a complete resource for introducing students to research methods.

 

New to this edition:

  • New topic section on design decisions in research
  • Additional material on production of knowledge and research methods
  • Significant development of material on ethical considerations in research
  • Fresh and contemporary examples from a wide variety of real, published research
  • Topic-specific exercises at the end of each section now include suggestions for further steps researchers can take as they build their research project.

part 1|38 pages

Introduction to Research Methods

chapter Topic 1|2 pages

Knowledge and Research Methods

chapter Topic 2|3 pages

Empirical Research

chapter Topic 3|4 pages

The Role of Theory in Research

chapter Topic 4|4 pages

Experimental and Nonexperimental Studies

chapter Topic 5|3 pages

Causal-Comparative Studies

chapter Topic 6|3 pages

Types of Nonexperimental Research

chapter Topic 8|4 pages

Quantitative and Qualitative Research Decisions

chapter Topic 9|3 pages

Program Evaluation

chapter Topic 10|3 pages

The Development of Ethical Research Standards

chapter Topic 11|4 pages

Ethical Principles in Research

part 2|29 pages

Reviewing and Citing Literature

chapter Topic 12|3 pages

Why Researchers Review Literature

chapter Topic 13|5 pages

Locating Literature in Electronic Databases

chapter Topic 14|3 pages

Structuring the Literature Review

chapter Topic 15|4 pages

Connecting the Literature to your Study

chapter Topic 16|3 pages

Preparing to Write a Critical Review

chapter Topic 17|3 pages

Creating a Synthesis

chapter Topic 18|3 pages

Why Academics Use Citation

chapter Topic 19|3 pages

Introduction to Style Guides

part 3|18 pages

Basic Concepts in Quantitative Research

chapter Topic 20|3 pages

Decisions in Quantitative Research Design

chapter Topic 21|4 pages

Variables in Nonexperimental Studies

chapter Topic 22|3 pages

Variables in Experimental Studies

chapter Topic 23|3 pages

Operational Definitions of Variables

chapter Topic 24|3 pages

Research Hypotheses, Purposes, and Questions

part 4|34 pages

Sampling

chapter Topic 25|3 pages

Biased and Unbiased Sampling

chapter Topic 26|3 pages

Simple Random and Systematic Sampling

chapter Topic 27|3 pages

Stratified Random Sampling

chapter Topic 28|2 pages

Cluster Sampling

chapter Topic 29|4 pages

Nonprobability Sampling and Qualitative Research

chapter Topic 30|3 pages

Sampling and Demographics

chapter Topic 31|3 pages

Sample Composition and Bias

chapter Topic 32|4 pages

Sample Size in Quantitative Studies

chapter Topic 33|4 pages

Sample Size and Diversity in Qualitative Research

chapter Topic 34|3 pages

Sampling in the Modern World

part 5|38 pages

Measurement

chapter Topic 35|3 pages

Introduction to Validity

chapter Topic 36|3 pages

Judgmental Validity

chapter Topic 37|4 pages

Empirical Validity

chapter Topic 38|3 pages

Judgmental-Empirical Validity

chapter Topic 39|5 pages

Reliability and its Relationship to Validity

chapter Topic 40|3 pages

Measures of Reliability

chapter Topic 41|3 pages

Internal Consistency and Reliability

chapter Topic 42|3 pages

Norm- and Criterion-Referenced Tests

chapter Topic 43|3 pages

Measures of Optimum Performance

chapter Topic 44|3 pages

Measures of Typical Performance

chapter Topic 45|3 pages

Measurement in Qualitative Research

part 6|21 pages

Qualitative Research Design

chapter Topic 46|3 pages

Interviews in Qualitative Research

chapter Topic 47|3 pages

Other Methods for Collecting Qualitative Data

chapter Topic 48|4 pages

Grounded Theory and Research Design

chapter Topic 49|3 pages

Consensual Qualitative Research Design

chapter Topic 50|3 pages

Designing Case Study Research

chapter Topic 51|3 pages

Mixed Methods Designs

part 7|20 pages

Designing Experimental Research

chapter Topic 52|3 pages

True Experimental Designs

chapter Topic 53|3 pages

Threats to Internal Validity

chapter Topic 54|3 pages

Threats to External Validity

chapter Topic 55|3 pages

Pre-Experimental Designs

chapter Topic 56|3 pages

Quasi-Experimental Designs

chapter Topic 57|3 pages

Confounding in Experiments

part 8|57 pages

Analyzing Data: Understanding Statistics

chapter Topic 58|4 pages

Descriptive and Inferential Statistics

chapter Topic 59|3 pages

Scales of Measurement and Statistical Tests

chapter Topic 60|3 pages

Descriptions of Nominal Data

chapter Topic 61|3 pages

Shapes of Distributions

chapter Topic 62|3 pages

The Mean, Median, and Mode

chapter Topic 63|3 pages

The Mean and Standard Deviation

chapter Topic 64|3 pages

The Median and Interquartile Range

chapter Topic 65|3 pages

Understanding Probability in Inferential Statistics

chapter Topic 66|3 pages

Introduction to the Null Hypothesis

chapter Topic 67|5 pages

The Pearson Correlation Coefficient (r)

chapter Topic 68|3 pages

The t-Test

chapter Topic 69|3 pages

One-Way Analysis of Variance (F)

chapter Topic 70|3 pages

Two-Way Analysis of Variance

chapter Topic 71|4 pages

Introduction to the Chi-Square Test (χ2)

chapter Topic 73|3 pages

Regression Basics

chapter Topic 74|3 pages

Practical Significance of Results

part 9|20 pages

Effect Size and Meta-Analysis

chapter Topic 75|3 pages

Introduction to Effect Size (d)

chapter Topic 76|3 pages

Interpretation of Effect Size (d)

chapter Topic 77|3 pages

Effect Size and Correlation (r)

chapter Topic 78|3 pages

Introduction to Meta-Analysis

chapter Topic 79|3 pages

Meta-Analysis and Effect Size

chapter Topic 80|3 pages

Meta-Analysis: Strengths and Weaknesses

part 10|29 pages

Preparing Research Reports

chapter Topic 81|4 pages

The Structure of a Research Report

chapter Topic 82|3 pages

Writing Abstracts

chapter Topic 83|4 pages

Introduction and Literature Review

chapter Topic 84|3 pages

Describing Participants

chapter Topic 85|3 pages

Describing Measures

chapter Topic 86|4 pages

Reporting Research Results

chapter Topic 87|3 pages

Writing the Discussion

chapter Topic 88|3 pages

Preparing theses and Dissertations