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2017, vol. 45, br. 2, str. 307-313
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Analiza ravnoteže idealno glatkog trougaonog luka - geometrijski pristup
Equilibrium analysis of frictionless triangular arches: Geometrical formulation
Univerzitet u Novom Sadu, Fakultet tehničkih nauka, Institut/odsek Arhitektura, Srbija
e-adresa: dima@uns.ac.rs
Projekat: Optimizacija arhitektonskog i urbanističkog planiranja i projektovanja u funkciji održivog razvoja Srbije (MPNTR - 36042)
Ključne reči: Frictionless; Thrust line; Statical approach; Triangular arch; Plate-bande; Minimum thickness
Sažetak
S početka naučnog pristupa u izučavanju zasvođenih struktura, tokom osamnaestog veka naučnici poput Laira, Kuplea i Kulona su prvobitno razmatrali lukove dobijene ređanjem svodnih kamenova zanemarujući trenje i koheziju na spoju između njih. U skladu s tim, rezultantne sile moraju biti upravne na spojeve. Tako se nameće problem određivanja pravaca tih spojeva, kako bi se obezbedila ravnoteža luka zadatog intradosa i ekstradosa. U ovom radu se izvodi eksplicitna jednačina tačnog položaja i orijentacije spojeva u trougaonom luku opšteg oblika. Posebno se razmatraju ravan luk i trougaoni luk s intradosom i ekstradosom upravnim na oslonački presek. Na osnovu toga su dobijeni izrazi za potpornu liniju, te su u zavisnosti od ugla oslanjanja izračunate vrednosti za minimalnu debljinu.
Abstract
At the beginning of the scientific research on vaulted structures, during the eighteenth century, scholars such as De la Hire, Couplet and Coulomb, primarily considered an arch made of voussoirs with the joints that have neither friction nor cohesion between them. Accordingly, in order to ensure the equilibrium of the voussoirs, for given extrados and intrados, the problem of determining the direction of the joints was imposed, since the resultant thrust forces must be perpendicular to them. This paper derives and elaborates in detail the explicit equation that defines the precise position and orientation of the joints in a triangular arch of general shape. For the two commonly used shapes, namely flat arch or plate-bande and triangular arch with its intrados and extrados both perpendicular to springings, the closed-form expression of thrust line is obtained. In addition, the paper provides the minimum thickness for various springing angles.
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