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2015, vol. 65, br. 3, str. 46-54
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Program produženja veka upotrebe strukture aviona
Service life extension program for aircraft structures
aVojnotehnički institut - VTI, Beograd, Srbija bRD Dijagnostika, Belgrade
e-adresa: s.maksimovic@mts.rs
Sažetak
Performanse aviona, njegovi sistemi kao i karakteristike samih materijala mogu biti značajno redukovane zbog uticaja korozije u kojima se avion koristi tokom eksploatacije. Karakteristike materijala, kako čelika tako i legura aluminijuma mogu biti značajno degradirane zbog uticaja korozije (temperature, vlažnosti, UV zračenja, zagađenja itd.), što ozbiljno utiče na integritet i bezbednost strukture aviona. Uticaj korozije na integritet strukture aviona je jedan od ključnih parametara za projektovanje sa aspekta dopustivih oštećenja i stoga treba da se pažljivo analizira. Korozija i oštećenja usled korozionog zamora avionske strukture su direktno zavisni od više faktora poput opterećenja, karakteristika materijala, uticaja korozivne sredine i drugih. U ovom radu su prikazane metode i praktični koraci usmerena na primenu metoda bez razaranja (NDI) u procesu produženja veka upotrebe strukture aviona koji su u eksploatacji. Proračunske i eksperimentalne NDI metode su korišćene kao deo programa za produženje veka upotrebe strukture aviona G-4 Super Galeb koji su bili u eksploatacji ratnog vazduhoplovstva preko 25 godina. Posebna pažnja u radu jeusmerena na primenu NDI metoda. U ovom radu su prikazane metode i praktični koraci koji umanjuju negativan efekat korozije. Ovi koraci omogućuju da se izvrši produženje veka upotrebe strukture preko granice definisane projektnim uslovima strukture aviona.
Abstract
Performance of aircraft in general, its systems and airframe materials, can be significantly reduced by environmental conditions in which the aircraft operates during the service life. Material performance of steel and aluminum alloys can be greatly degraded because of the environmental conditions (temperature, humidity, UV radiation, pollutants, etc.), which severely affect the integrity and safety of aircraft structure. Apart from the other severe environmental conditions, the effect of the corrosion on structural integrity is a critical issue for damage tolerance design and analysis and needs to be carefully investigated. The corrosion and corrosion fatigue failure process of an aircraft structure are directly concerned with many factors, such as load, material characteristics, and corrosive environment and so on. Attention in this paper is focused on the application of the Nondestructive Inspection (NDI) methods in the process of extension of service life of aircraft structures. The NDI methods were used as a part of service life extension program for the extension of the operation life of the G-4 Super Galeb aircraft structures that have been in service in air force for more than 25 years. The computation and experimental NDI methods and practice steps that diminish the negative effects of corrosion process were shown in this paper. Special attention in this paper is focused to the use of the NDI methods. These steps enable to extend the service life of aircraft structures beyond its designed service life with the accurate prediction of the further service reliability.
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*** Federal Aviation Regulation, Part 25, Protection of Structure, Airworthiness Standards: Transport Category Airplanes, Sec. Sec. 25. p.609
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