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2018 | Buch

Conceptualization of Manufacturing Systems Kapitel lesen Erstes Kapitel lesen

Macroergonomics for Manufacturing Systems

An Evaluation Approach

verfasst von: Dr. Arturo Realyvásquez Vargas, Dr. Aide Aracely Maldonado-Macias, Dr. Jorge Luis García-Alcaraz

Verlag: Springer International Publishing

Buchreihe : Management and Industrial Engineering

Enthalten in: Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik" , Springer Professional "Technik" , Springer Professional "Wirtschaft"

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Über dieses Buch

This book introduces the main concepts of manufacturing systems and presents several evaluation approaches for these systems' evaluation. The relevant macroergonomics methods are summarized and the theoretical framework for Macroergonomic Compatibility construct is explained. This book presents a Macroergonomic Compatibility Model which proposes an instrument in the form of a Macroergonomic. The authors introduce a methodology to obtain a novel Macroergonomic Compatibility Index that enables manufacturing companies to assess and follow their progress on the implementation of macroergonomics practices.

Inhaltsverzeichnis

Frontmatter

Macroergonomics in Manufacturing Systems

Frontmatter
Chapter 1. Conceptualization of Manufacturing Systems
Abstract
In this chapter, we define the term “manufacturing” to later conceptualize manufacturing systems. In addition, we describe the components of manufacturing systems to introduce the terms that will be used throughout the book.
Arturo Realyvásquez-Vargas, Aide Aracely Maldonado-Macías, Jorge Luis García-Alcaraz
Chapter 2. Evaluation of Manufacturing Systems
Abstract
The proper functioning of manufacturing systems can be ensured by conducting evaluations in terms of quality, productivity, leanness, flexibility, and reliability, among others. Then, after such evaluations, it is important to apply methods and strategies to improve the aforementioned aspects. In this chapter, we define the concept of evaluation and discuss its different stages. Also, we discuss the three aspects upon which manufacturing systems have been assessed through the years.
Arturo Realyvásquez-Vargas, Aide Aracely Maldonado-Macías, Jorge Luis García-Alcaraz
Chapter 3. Macroergonomic Methods for Manufacturing Systems Evaluation
Abstract
In this chapter, we present the most popular macroergonomic methods for the evaluation of work systems. More specifically, macroergonomic approaches and microergonomic perspectives are compared. Some of these methods have been adapted from more popular methodologies aimed at studying the organization and behavior of variables and factors. For every method, a brief description is offered to discuss its major advantages, drawbacks, and implementation areas. Also, whereas the majority of the methods presented below are composed of a series of instruments for data collection, others represent more comprehensive methodologies aimed at analyzing sociotechnical systems and organizational structures in terms of the technological and person subsystems and external environmental aspects. All these methods have contributed to the development and rapid growth of macroergonomics as a subdiscipline of ergonomics.
Arturo Realyvásquez-Vargas, Aide Aracely Maldonado-Macías, Jorge Luis García-Alcaraz
Chapter 4. Macroergonomic Compatibility Concept for Manufacturing Systems
Abstract
This chapter offers a definition of macroergonomic compatibility concept. For this, firstly, it mentions the different macroergonomic factors and elements existing in literature. Then, the chapter presents the history, goals, and definition of symvatology, a subdiscipline of ergonomics and science of artifact–human interaction. Finally, the chapter provides a definition of macroergonomic compatibility.
Arturo Realyvásquez-Vargas, Aide Aracely Maldonado-Macías, Jorge Luis García-Alcaraz

Macroergonomic Compatibility Factors

Frontmatter
Chapter 5. Macroergonomic Compatibility Factors for Manufacturing Systems
Abstract
Measuring ergonomic compatibility has been a concern to many academics, industrialists, and health systems due to the economic implications involved. The goal of this chapter is to describe the most important factors that have been used to develop compatibility indices and to analyze the trends and methods that are most used for index generation, as well as their advantages and benefits.
Arturo Realyvásquez-Vargas, Aide Aracely Maldonado-Macías, Jorge Luis García-Alcaraz
Chapter 6. Macroergonomic Effects on Manufacturing Systems
Abstract
The macroergonomic factors and elements can have different effects on workers and manufacturing systems. As for workers, these effects may include aspects such as health and safety, job satisfaction, creativity, and individual performance. The effects on manufacturing systems, on the other hand, range from solving problems and reducing staff absenteeism to increasing customer satisfaction and loyalty, thereby improving productivity and competitiveness. In this chapter, we discuss the impact of macroergonomics on workers or employees and manufacturing work systems.
Arturo Realyvásquez-Vargas, Aide Aracely Maldonado-Macías, Jorge Luis García-Alcaraz
Chapter 7. The Impact of the Person Factor on Manufacturing System Performance: A Causal Model
Abstract
The macroergonomic compatibility of the Person factor can have positive effects on manufacturing systems. In this chapter, we analyze the direct, indirect, and total effects of the macroergonomic compatibility of human-related elements on manufacturing system performance. Namely, we evaluate the effects of the compatibility of three Person-related variables—Physical Characteristics, Psychological Characteristics, and Motivation and Needs—on three manufacturing system performance variables—Customers, Production Processes, and Organizational Performance. To conduct this evaluation, we propose ten hypotheses and validate the effects between the variables using a structural equation model. To collect data regarding these variables, we developed a Macroergonomic Compatibility Questionnaire (MCQ) and administered it among senior and middle managers of Mexican manufacturing work systems. Our results revealed that macroergonomic elements of the Person factor have significant effects on manufacturing system performance.
Arturo Realyvásquez-Vargas, Aide Aracely Maldonado-Macías, Jorge Luis García-Alcaraz
Chapter 8. The Impact of the Organization Factor on Manufacturing System Performance: A Causal Model
Abstract
This chapter proposes a hypothetical causal model that relates organizational elements with the performance of manufacturing work systems. More specifically, the model here presented studies the effects of three macroergonomic organizational elements—Organizational Culture and Safety Culture, Coordination, Collaboration, and Communication, and Teamwork—on Customers, Production Processes, and Organizational Performance. As for the data collection instrument, we administered the Macroergonomic Compatibility Questionnaire (MCQ) to middle and senior managers of Mexican manufacturing companies located in the state of Chihuahua. Our findings revealed that the macroergonomic elements of the Organization factor increase competitiveness, since they have significant effects on the performance of manufacturing systems. Similarly, we found that Customers and Production Processes can positively impact Organizational Performance.
Arturo Realyvásquez-Vargas, Aide Aracely Maldonado-Macías, Jorge Luis García-Alcaraz
Chapter 9. The Impact of the Technologies and Tools Factor on Manufacturing System Performance: A Causal Model
Abstract
In this chapter, we present a hypothetical causal model to understand the impact of tools and technologies as a macroergonomic factor on manufacturing system performance. More specifically, the model assesses the effects of three macroergonomic elements of technologies and tools on Production Processes, Customers, and Organizational Performance. Data were obtained after administering the Macroergonomic Compatibility Questionnaire (MCQ) to middle and senior managers on Mexican manufacturing companies located in the state of Chihuahua. Results reveal that information technology has significant effects on manufacturing system performance, which is why they must be considered as a source of competitiveness. Also, we found that Customers and Production Processes have a positive impact on Organizational Performance.
Arturo Realyvásquez-Vargas, Aide Aracely Maldonado-Macías, Jorge Luis García-Alcaraz
Chapter 10. The Impact of Macroergonomic Factor “Tasks” on Manufacturing System Performance
Abstract
This chapter presents a hypothetical model that studies the relationship between tasks, as a macroergonomic factor, and the performance of manufacturing work systems. More specifically, the model studies how Work Demands, a macroergonomic element of the Task factor, can be associated with performance variables such as Customers, Production Processes, and Organizational Performance. As in previous chapters, the data used to develop and test the model were collected among Mexican manufacturing companies located in Chihuahua. Results revealed that Work Demands are an essential element to increase competitiveness since they have significant effects on performance variables. Similarly, we found that Customers and Production Processes play a role in Organizational Performance.
Arturo Realyvásquez-Vargas, Aide Aracely Maldonado-Macías, Jorge Luis García-Alcaraz

Macroergonomic Compatibility Index for Manufacturing Systems

Frontmatter
Chapter 11. Fuzzy Logic Approach and Manufacturing System Evaluation Methodologies
Abstract
This chapter presents the most influential theories, models, and methodologies that set the bases for the development of a macroergonomic compatibility index (MCI) for manufacturing work systems. The contribution of fuzzy logic to index generation is highlighted, since it is a logic operation method useful for evaluation capable of simulating human reasoning. Likewise, the role of multiattribute methods in decision making are discussed, as well as the different approaches to characterize manufacturing work systems in terms of sustainability, agility, safety, and ergonomics. The chapter concludes by commentign on the importance of developing accurate measurement indices to meet the exigencies of the modern manufacturing industry.
Arturo Realyvásquez-Vargas, Aide Aracely Maldonado-Macías, Jorge Luis García-Alcaraz
Chapter 12. A Macroergonomic Compatibility Index for Manufacturing Work Systems
Abstract
In this chapter, we develop a macroergonomic compatibility index (MCI). The methodology combines employee perceptions regarding the macroergonomic practices implemented in their companies in the five macroergonomic factors previously addressed (person, organization, technologies and tools, tasks, and environment) with the assessment of experts regarding the importance of such macroergonomic practices. The MCI relies on dimensional analysis, which is why the result is a similarity index with respect to an ideal solution. The chapter describes step by step the methodology for the index generation and provides the results of the MCQ validation, which showed 91.3% of statistical reliability.
Arturo Realyvásquez-Vargas, Aide Aracely Maldonado-Macías, Jorge Luis García-Alcaraz
Chapter 13. Macroergonomic Compatibility Index for Manufacturing Work Systems: Case Study
Abstract
This chapter presents three case studies to validate the macroergonomic compatibility index (MCI). The studies were conducted in Ciudad Juárez, Chihuahua, Mexico, in three automobile manufacturers. As for the data collection instrument, we administered the Macroergonomic Compatibility Questionnaire (MCQ) discussed in the previous chapters. The collected data were treated as discussed in Chap. 12 to estimate the MCI of each macroergonomic element, macroergonomic factor, and work system. Also, we analyzed the benefits that the three manufacturers reportedly obtain from implementing macroergonomic practices in terms of customers, production processes, organizational performance, and occupational safety. Such information was employed to validate the MCI. As a result, we found that the three automotive companies have a low MCI, thereby implying that such work systems require immediate macroergonomic intervention. Also, the validation of the MCI was satisfactory.
Arturo Realyvásquez-Vargas, Aide Aracely Maldonado-Macías, Jorge Luis García-Alcaraz
Metadaten
Titel
Macroergonomics for Manufacturing Systems
verfasst von
Dr. Arturo Realyvásquez Vargas
Dr. Aide Aracely Maldonado-Macias
Dr. Jorge Luis García-Alcaraz
Copyright-Jahr
2018
Electronic ISBN
978-3-319-68684-4
Print ISBN
978-3-319-68683-7
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-68684-4

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