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Erschienen in:
“Tutti a Tavola!” Project. A Didactic Experience on Design for All Applied to Ceramic Objects for Food and Beverage Kapitel lesen Erstes Kapitel lesen

2016 | OriginalPaper | Buchkapitel

Making Voting by Mail Usable, Accessible and Inclusive

verfasst von : Kathryn Summers, Whitney Quesenbery, Amy Pointer

Erschienen in: Advances in Design for Inclusion

Verlag: Springer International Publishing

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Abstract

Two groups of voters have historically faced challenges in voting by mail: first, voters who are blind, have low vision, or low dexterity; and second, the many adult Americans who read at Basic or Below Basic levels as defined by the National Adult Literacy Survey. Although for different reasons, both groups can find it challenging to navigate the complicated process of receiving, marking, and mailing a paper ballot privately, independently, and successfully. This paper describes a two-pronged effort to increase the accessibility and inclusivity of the vote by mail process: (1) helping Maryland make their online ballot marking tool significantly more usable and accessible through iterative usability testing and evaluation in 2013; and (2) using iterative usability testing and evaluation to revise paper instructions and envelopes in vote-by-mail packages—identifying and applying best practices of plain language and plain interaction in order to forestall common mistakes and increase trust.

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Vorheriges Kapitel Improving Learning Technologies and Social Inclusion Through Human Centred Design and Universal Design Approaches: Novel Designing Scenarios
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Fußnoten
1
In 2003, nearly 30 % of all voters used “absentee” ballots [3]. In 2008, the Election Assistance Commission reported on nationwide voting practices, recording that 16.6 % of voters used absentee ballots—in comparison to 13.0 % who used various forms of early voting. Of these absentee ballots, 1.7 % were rejected nationwide, but two states, Indiana and North Carolina, rejected more than 10 % of their absentee ballots. Reasons included missing the deadline, lack of a valid signature, using an unsealed envelope, using an unofficial envelope, and not including a proper address [15].
 
2
The online ballot marking tool was successfully deployed in the Maryland 2014 General Election.
 
3
Detailed findings from this research are available in a report to the Maryland State Board of Elections that has been posted at the Maryland State Board of Elections website.
 
Literatur
1.
McDonald, P.J.: The affects of vote by mail on voter turnout, cost of elections, and ballot completion in the state of Washington from 1992 to 2012. PhD dissertation, Walden University (2014)
2.
Sled, S.M.: It’s in the mail: the effect of vote by mail balloting on voter turnout and policy outcomes in US eElections. PhD dissertation, Massachusetts Institute of Technology (2008)
3.
Barreto, M.A., Streb, M.J., Marks, M., Guerra, F.: Do absentee voters differ from polling place voters? New evidence from California. Public Opin Quart 70(2), 224–234 (2006)CrossRef
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Kirsch, I.S.: Adult literacy in America: a first look at the results of the National Adult Literacy Survey. US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Washington, DC 20402 (Stock No. 065-000-00588-3) (1993)
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Kaplan, D., Venezky, R.L.: Literacy and voting behavior: a bivariate probit model with sample selection. Soc. Sci. Res. 23(4), 350–367 (1994)CrossRef
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Kutner, M., Greenberg, E., Jin, Y., Boyle, B., Hsu, Y., Dunleavy, E.: Literacy in everyday life: results from the 2003 National Assessment of Adult Literacy (NCES 2007–480). U.S. Department of Education. Washington, DC: National Center for Education Statistics (2007)
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Summers, K., Chisnell, D., Davies, D., Alton, N., McKeever, M. Making voting accessible: designing digital ballot marking for people with low literacy and mild cognitive disabilities. In: 2014 Electronic Voting Technology Workshop/Workshop on Trustworthy Elections (EVT/WOTE 14) (2014)
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Summers, K., Summers, M.: Reading and navigational strategies of web users with lower literacy skills. Proc. Am. Soc. Inf. Sci. Technol. 42(1) (2005)
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Summers, K., Langford, J., Wu, J., Abela, C., Souza, R.: Designing web-based forms for users with lower literacy skills. Proc. Am. Soc. Inf. Sci. Technol. 43(1), 1–12 (2006)CrossRef
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Canady, W.K., Thyer, B.A.: Promoting voting behavior among low income black voters using reminder letters: an experimental investigation. J. Soc. Soc. Welfare 17, 109 (1990)
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Election Assistance Commission.: 2008 election administration and voting survey: a summary of key findings, Nov 2009
Metadaten
Titel
Making Voting by Mail Usable, Accessible and Inclusive
verfasst von
Kathryn Summers
Whitney Quesenbery
Amy Pointer
Copyright-Jahr
2016
Buch
Advances in Design for Inclusion

Print ISBN: 978-3-319-41961-9

Electronic ISBN: 978-3-319-41962-6

Copyright-Jahr: 2016

DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-41962-6_5