Mechanical Behavior and Damage Fracture Mechanism of Deep Rocks

Frontmatter

Chapter 1. Introduction

Abstract

All kinds of rock underground engineering related to energies (such as fossil energy, nuclear energy, shale gas, geothermal energy, etc.) are usually located in a complex triaxial stress state, which is affected by a lot of factors such as rock type, anisotropy, loading path, temperature, water pressure, etc. With the depletion of shallow energies, underground engineering will inevitably move to deep exploration.

Sheng-Qi Yang

Chapter 2. Strength, Deformation, Failure Behavior and Acoustic Emission Locations of Red Sandstone Under Triaxial Compression

Abstract

In the past, most triaxial experiments on sandstone have been performed using the axial displacement rate as the controlling feedback signal.

Sheng-Qi Yang

Chapter 3. Mechanical Damage Characteristics of Red Sandstone Under Triaxial Cyclic Loading

Abstract

In all kinds of rock engineering, due to the influence of strong blasting and excavation disturbance, the rock mass often experiences cyclic loading, which leads to the continuous damage failure of tunnel.

Sheng-Qi Yang

Chapter 4. Strength and Deformation Behavior of Red Sandstone Under Simple and Complex Loading Paths

Abstract

Real engineering rock mass experienced by loading path is more complex, which makes that mechanical behavior of rock under complex loading paths has been more and more significant. The re-fracture strength and deformation behavior of fractured rock mass are not clear under complex loading paths; therefore it is necessary to explore the strength and deformation failure behavior of rock under complex loading path, which is helpful to controlling the unstable failure of underground rock engineering structures.

Sheng-Qi Yang

Chapter 5. Mechanical, Acoustic, and Fracture Behaviors of Yellow Sandstone Specimens Under Triaxial Monotonic and Cyclic Loading

Abstract

In actual rock engineering, the rock mass often experiences cyclic loading owing to the strong blasting and excavation disturbances.

Sheng-Qi Yang

Chapter 6. Triaxial Strength and Deformation Failure Behavior of Coarse Marble Under Six Different Loading Paths

Abstract

In the past, some experiments on the influence of loading path on mechanical behavior of rock have been carried out (Lee et al.,.Int J Rock Mech Min Sci 36:857–870, 1999; Xiong and Zhou,.Chin J Rock Mech Eng 25:3636–3641, 2006; Yang et al.,.Exp Mech 51:315–334, 2011), but the strength, deformation and failure behaviors of rock under various loading paths have not been fully investigated, and the fundamental mechanisms of loading path on the triaxial mechanical behavior of rock are still not fully understood.

Sheng-Qi Yang

Chapter 7. Deformation Failure Characteristics of Crystalline Marble Under Triaxial Cyclic Loading

Abstract

Marble, a type of metamorphic rock, is ubiquitous in all kinds of rock engineering. (Yang et al. Exp Mech 51:315–334, 2011) designed three complex loading paths to investigate the re-fracture mechanical behavior of flawed coarse marble. They found that the peak strength and deformation failure mode of the flawed coarse marble depended on the loading paths. They then analyzed the effects of complex loading paths on strength, deformation and failure behavior of the flawed coarse marble under different confining pressures.

Sheng-Qi Yang

Chapter 8. Strength, Deformability and X-ray Micro CT Observations of Deeply-Buried Marble Under Different Confining Pressures

Abstract

The Jinping II Hydropower Project is located in the upriver of the Yalong River in Sichuan Province, south-western China.

Sheng-Qi Yang

Chapter 9. Deformation and Damage Failure Behaviour of Mudstone Specimens Under Single-Stage and Multi-stage Triaxial Compression

Abstract

As is well-known, mudstone is a typical sedimentary rock, widely distributed in all kinds of underground engineering (nuclear waste disposal engineering, deep mining engineering, etc.).

Sheng-Qi Yang

Chapter 10. Deformation, Peak Strength and Crack Damage Behavior of Hollow Sandstone Under Conventional Triaxial Compression

Abstract

During construction, a disturbed or damaged zone may develop around the excavation boundary of a tunnel, cavern, borehole or excavated surface.

Sheng-Qi Yang

Chapter 11. Fracture Evolution Mechanism of Hollow Sandstone Under Conventional Triaxial Compression by X-ray Micro-CT Observations and Three-Dimensional Numerical Simulations

Abstract

Rock is a natural material and usually consists of unequal flaws with different shapes. It is known that the pre-existing flaws significantly affect the mechanical properties of rock (Yang et al. 2018; Yang and Jing 2011; Tang et al. 2015; Hamidi et al. 2018). Especially in deep rock engineering, rock material is often in a triaxial stress state.

Sheng-Qi Yang

Chapter 12. Fracturing Mechanism of Compressed Hollow-Cylinder Sandstone Evaluated by X-ray Micro CT Scanning

Abstract

The testing of hollow cylinder specimens in rock engineering is very common. However, revealing the internal damage failure mechanism of hollow rock material subjected to triaxial compression is very significant for evaluating the stability occurring around deep well bores in petroleum engineering or the safety of deep excavation damage zones in tunnel engineering.

Sheng-Qi Yang

Chapter 13. Thermal Damage and Failure Mechanical Behavior of Granite After Exposure to Different High Temperature Treatments Under Uniaxial Compression

Abstract

In the past, uniaxial compression experiments have provided no satisfactory answers on the thermal damage and failure mechanism of granite. In addition, X-ray computer tomography (CT) observations have rarely considered granites after various high temperature treatments.

Sheng-Qi Yang

Chapter 14. Triaxial Mechanical and Permeability Behavior of Sandstone After Exposure to Different High Temperature Treatments

Abstract

Although the effects of heat treatment on the mechanical properties of rock have been studied systematically in the previous studies, limited experiments on conventional triaxial compression test results are available for heated sandstone with respect to different high temperature treatments.

Sheng-Qi Yang

Chapter 15. Effect of High Temperature on the Permeability Evolution and Failure Response of Granite Under Triaxial Compression

Abstract

Granite is potentially an excellent medium for the disposal of high-level nuclear waste (HLW) because it exhibits a low native permeability and high integrity (Yang et al.,.Geothermics 65:180–197, 2017;Yang et al.,.Geothermics 72:124–137, 2018;; Zhao et al.,.Int J Rock Mech Min Sci 76:10–17, 2015). Beishan granite has been selected as a candidate for HLW disposal in China because of its low native permeability.

Sheng-Qi Yang

Chapter 16. Experiment and Grain-Based Modelling on Damage Failure Behaviour of Granite Under Different Confining Pressures

Abstract

As it is well-known to us, nuclear power plant can provide efficient and clean energy; however, during its long-term operation, it also produces nuclear waste. Even though the high-level radioactive nuclear waste is lesser than low- and medium-level radioactive nuclear waste, it requires more restrictive disposition environment, and deep geological disposal is widely considered.

Sheng-Qi Yang

Chapter 17. Strength and Failure Behavior of Coal Specimens with Different Diameters Under Conventional Triaxial Compression

Abstract

Mechanical behaviors of rock material are very important for geotechnical engineering design.

Sheng-Qi Yang