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Erschienen in:
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2013 | OriginalPaper | Buchkapitel

4. Mechanisms of Climate Variability, Air Quality and Impacts of Atmospheric Constituents in the Mediterranean Region

verfasst von : George Kallos, Christina Mitsakou, Andres Alastuey, John van Aardenne, Marina Astitha, Michael Cusack, Ulrike Doering, Evangelos Gerasopoulos, Nikolaos Hatzianastassiou, Maria Kanakidou, Jonilda Kushta, Jos Lelieveld, Zev Levin, Nikolaos Mihalopoulos, Millán Millán, Josè L. Palau, Natalia Perez, Jorge Pey, Xavier Querol, Stavros Solomos, Christos Spyrou, Chris Theodosi, Christos Zerefos

Erschienen in: Regional Assessment of Climate Change in the Mediterranean

Verlag: Springer Netherlands

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Abstract

This chapter describes the physicochemical mechanisms that formulate the air quality over the Mediterranean region and the resulted impacts on the regional climate. At first, a detailed description of the teleconnections and regional flow patterns that dominate in the region is provided. The dominant flow patterns during the different seasons of the year determine the transport paths of air pollutants and aerosols towards and across the study area. The analysis on the characteristics of the air pollution transport is separated for the different parts of the Mediterranean region (eastern, western and entire), since the sources of pollutants that reach at different points in the region vary, while specific pollutant transport paths may influence the wider Mediterranean area. Similarities and differences in patterns are discussed. The air quality over the region, as recorded from black/organic carbon, ozone, aerosol observations, is extensively discussed, along with seasonal variabilities and annual trends. There is particular discussion on the suspension of naturally-produced aerosols and especially desert dust particles in the region and their spatial influence on the aerosol levels. At the last part of the chapter, the major impacts of the transport and transformation processes (natural and anthropogenic pollutants) on the regional climate are discussed. The impacts of aerosols are distinguished in direct (the impacts on radiation budget), health (the amounts of inhaled particles and impacts on health) and indirect effects (impacts on clouds and precipitation), are discussed on qualitative and quantitative way.

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Vorheriges Kapitel Future Climate Projections
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Metadaten
Titel
Mechanisms of Climate Variability, Air Quality and Impacts of Atmospheric Constituents in the Mediterranean Region
verfasst von
George Kallos
Christina Mitsakou
Andres Alastuey
John van Aardenne
Marina Astitha
Michael Cusack
Ulrike Doering
Evangelos Gerasopoulos
Nikolaos Hatzianastassiou
Maria Kanakidou
Jonilda Kushta
Jos Lelieveld
Zev Levin
Nikolaos Mihalopoulos
Millán Millán
Josè L. Palau
Natalia Perez
Jorge Pey
Xavier Querol
Stavros Solomos
Christos Spyrou
Chris Theodosi
Christos Zerefos
Copyright-Jahr
2013
Verlag
Springer Netherlands
Buch
Regional Assessment of Climate Change in the Mediterranean

Print ISBN: 978-94-007-5780-6

Electronic ISBN: 978-94-007-5781-3

Copyright-Jahr: 2013

DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-5781-3_4