26. Methods for Detecting Fraud in Civil and Military Service Examinations: A Systematic Mapping

Civil and military service examinations are carried out in several countries for the recruitment and admission of public servants in various spheres/levels of government. This is considered an effective and rational method for selection based on merit. Due to the constant economic variations and the stability provided by public offices, the interest in some offered positions can be huge. Criminals specialized in defrauding public examinations offer candidates the possibility of facilitated and illegal admission. Various types of information could be submitted to methods and techniques (e.g., application data, test performance, geodata, etc.) to detect fraud. We present a systematic mapping of the literature on fraud detection methods in several domains, which can be adapted and improved to detect fraud in public examinations. 31 articles were identified, and after analysis, 19 selected works were analyzed and classified. The usages of machine learning and data mining techniques were uppermost methods adopted in the analyzed papers. This work is aimed at researchers who seek to develop fraud detection techniques in admission exams.