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2008 | Buch

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Model-Based Software and Data Integration

First International Workshop, MBSDI 2008, Berlin, Germany, April 1-3, 2008. Proceedings

herausgegeben von: Ralf-Detlef Kutsche, Nikola Milanovic

Verlag: Springer Berlin Heidelberg

Buchreihe : Communications in Computer and Information Science

Enthalten in: Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik" , Springer Professional "Technik" , Springer Professional "Wirtschaft"

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Inhaltsverzeichnis

Frontmatter

Invited Papers

The Art of Creating Models and Models Integration

Abstract

The sciences do not try to explain, they hardly even try to interpret, they mainly make models. By a model is meant a mathematical construct which, with the addition of certain verbal interpretations, describes observed phenomena. The justification of such a mathematical construct is solely and precisely that it is expected to work.

Miroslaw Malek

Modeling Services – An Inter-disciplinary Perspective

Abstract

Service engineering is receiving increasing attention in both the service economics and service computing communities. This trend is due to two observations:

1. From an economics viewpoint, services today are contributing the majority of jobs, GDP, and productivity growth in Europe and in other countries worldwide. This includes all activities by service sector firms, services associated with physical goods production, as well as services of the public sector.

2. From an ICT viewpoint, the evolution of the Internet enables the provision of software-as-a-service on the Web, and is thus changing the way distributed computing systems are being architected. Software systems are designed as service-oriented computing architectures consisting of loosely-coupled software components and data resources that are accessible using standard Web technology.

Stefan Tai, Steffen Lamparter

Data Mashups for Situational Applications

Abstract

Situational applications require business users to create combine, and catalog data feeds and other enterprise data sources. Damia is a lightweight enterprise data integration engine inspired by the Web 2.0 mashup phenomenon. It consists of (1) a browser-based user-interface that allows for the specification of data mashups as data flow graphs using a set of Damia operators specified by programming-by-example principles, (2) a server with an execution engine, as well as (3) APIs for searching, debugging, executing and managing mashups. Damia provides a base data model and primitive operators based on the XQuery Infoset. A feed abstraction built on that model enables combining, filtering and transforming data feeds. This paper presents an overview of the Damia system as well as a research vision for data-intensive situational applications. A first version of Damia realizing some of the concepts described in this paper is available as a webserivce [17] and for download as part of IBM’s Mashup Starter Kit [18].

Volker Markl, Mehmet Altinel, David Simmen, Ashutosh Singh

Data Integration

Combining Effectiveness and Efficiency for Schema Matching Evaluation

Abstract

Schema matching plays a central role in many applications that require interoperability among heterogeneous data sources. A good evaluation for different capabilities of schema matching systems has become vital as the complexity of such systems arises. The capabilities of matching systems incorporate different (possibly conflicting) aspects among them match quality and match efficiency. The analysis of efficiency of a schema matching system, if it is done, tends to be done in a way separate from the analysis of effectiveness. In this paper, we present the trade-off between schema matching effectiveness and efficiency as a multi-objective optimization problem. This representation enables us to obtain a combined measure as a compromise between them. We combine both performance aspects in a weighted-average function to determine the cost-effectiveness of a schema matching system. We apply our proposed approach to evaluate two currently existing mainstream schema matching systems namely COMA++ and BTreeMatch. Experimental results showed that, by carefully utilizing both small-scale and large-scale schemas, it is necessary to take the response time of the matching process into account especially in large-scale schemas.

Alsayed Algergawy, Eike Schallehn, Gunter Saake

Model-Driven Development of Complex and Data-Intensive Integration Processes

Abstract

Due to the changing scope of data management from centrally stored data towards the management of distributed and heterogeneous systems, the integration takes place on different levels. The lack of standards for information integration as well as application integration resulted in a large number of different integration models and proprietary solutions. With the aim of a high degree of portability and the reduction of development efforts, the model-driven development—following the Model-Driven Architecture (MDA)—is advantageous in this context as well. Hence, in the GCIP project (Generation of Complex Integration Processes), we focus on the model-driven generation and optimization of integration tasks using a process-based approach. In this paper, we contribute detailed generation aspects and finally discuss open issues and further challenges.

Matthias Böhm, Dirk Habich, Wolfgang Lehner, Uwe Wloka

Towards a Metrics Suite for Object-Relational Mappings

Abstract

Object-relational (O/R) middleware is frequently used in practice to bridge the semantic gap (the ‘impedance mismatch’) between object-oriented application systems and relational database management systems (RDBMSs). If O/R middleware is employed, the object model needs to be linked to the relational schema. Following the so-called forward engineering approach, the developer is faced with the challenge of choosing from a variety of mapping strategies for class associations and inheritance relationships. These mapping strategies have different impacts on the characteristics of application systems, such as their performance or maintainability. Quantifying these mapping impacts via metrics is considered beneficial in the context of O/R mapping tools since such metrics enable an automated and differentiated consideration of O/R mapping strategies. In this paper, the foundation of a metrics suite for objectrelational mappings and an initial set of metrics are presented.

Stefan Holder, Jim Buchan, Stephen G. MacDonell

Software Architectures, Services and Migration

View-Based Integration of Process-Driven SOA Models at Various Abstraction Levels

Abstract

SOA is an emerging architectural style to achieve loosely-coupling and high interoperability of software components and systems by using message exchanges via standard public interfaces. In SOAs, software components are exposed as services and typically coordinated by using processes which enable service invocations from corresponding activities. These processes are described in high-level or low-level modeling languages. The extreme divergence in term of syntax, semantics and levels of abstraction of existing process modeling languages hinders the interoperability and reusability of software components or systems being built upon or relying on such models. In this paper we present a novel approach that provides an automated integration of modeling languages at different abstraction levels using the concept of architectural view. Our approach is realized as a view-based reverse engineering tool-chain in which process descriptions are mapped onto appropriate high-level or low-level views, offered by a view-based modeling framework.

Huy Tran, Uwe Zdun, Schahram Dustdar

Model-Driven Development of Composite Applications

Abstract

In service-oriented architectures, composite applications (CA) are created by assembling existing software services. Model-driven development does not implement a CA directly, but starts from models that describe the services and their interactions (and map to source code). This article classifies existing approaches for the model-driven development of CAs. Based on a small example it is demonstrated that current approaches do not support the development of CAs where the order of service calls is not constrained and depends on user input. To solve this problem, a new approach for the compo-sition of web services is presented, which combines the Service Component Architecture (SCA) and state transition models.

Susanne Patig

Towards Identification of Migration Increments to Enable Smooth Migration

Abstract

The migration of existing systems is a major problem in today’s enterprises. These systems, which are often called legacy systems, are usually business critical, but difficult to adapt to new business requirements. A promising solution is the smooth migration of these systems, i.e. the systems are integrated into the system landscape and then migrated in a number of smaller steps. This leads to the question of how these steps can be identified. We propose a method based on a dependency model of the existing system and graph clustering analyses to identify these steps and define migration increments.

Niels Streekmann, Wilhelm Hasselbring

Model-Based and Semantic Approaches

Service-Based Architecture for Ontology-Driven Information Integration in Dynamic Logistics

Abstract

The paper describes an approach to information and knowledge integration based on usage of such technologies as Web services, radiofrequency identification (RFID), global positioning systems (GPS), etc. To provide for the information integration at the level of semantics, the ontological model is used. The model is based on the knowledge represenation formalism of object-oriented constraint networks. The architecture of the system implementing the proposed approach is based on the idea of self-organising networks whose nodes represent agent-based Web-services. Dynamic logistics has been chosen as the application domain for the approach.

A. Smirnov, T. Levashova, N. Shilov, A. Kashevnik

State of the Art on Topic Map Building Approaches

Abstract

Topic Maps standard (ISO-13250) has been gradually recognized as an emerging standard for information exploration and knowledge organization. One advantage of topic maps is that they enable a user to navigate and access the documents he wants in an organized manner, rather than browsing through hyperlinks that are generally unstructured and often misleading. Nowadays, the topic maps are generally manually constructed by domain experts or users since the functionality and feasibility of automatically generated topic maps still in progress. In this paper, we give an overview of Topic Map building approaches. These approaches take as input different data types: structured documents, structured knowledge, unstructured documents and semi-structured data, and propose different techniques to build a Topic Map such as merging, mapping from RDF to TM and learning techniques. Some other research works are dedicated to cooperative Topic Map building and another research area deals with automatic generation of TM from XML documents.

Nebrasse Ellouze, Mohamed Ben Ahmed, Elisabeth Métais

Construction of Consistent Models in Model-Driven Software Development

Abstract

Model-driven software development is considered as a promising paradigm in software engineering. Models are ideal means for abstraction and can enable developers to master the increasing complexity of software systems. However, it is not easy to construct consistent models. Inconsistent models are usually the source for erroneous code which cannot be compiled or, if compiled, lead to malfunctioning applications. Developers have little help in producing consistent models, i.e. they are often not well informed by adequate error messages. Starting with a consistent initial model, we follow the idea to identify designated model development steps between consistent models only. These development steps are defined as model transformations. Recurring modeling patterns are identified and formalized as transformation rules. As essential contribution, a construction approach for consistent models in model-driven development is deduced and specified on the basis of graph transformation concepts. Using this approach, developers can be guided in the modeling process such that consistent models are developed only.

Gabriele Taentzer

Backmatter

Titel: Model-Based Software and Data Integration
herausgegeben von: Ralf-Detlef Kutsche
Nikola Milanovic
Verlag: Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Electronic ISBN: 978-3-540-78999-4
Print ISBN: 978-3-540-78998-7
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-78999-4