22. Modeling Food Process, Quality and Safety: Frameworks and Challenges

Physics-based models provide increased understanding and predictive capabilities that can increase efficiency in food product, process, and equipment design; they also improve quality and safety. However, certain key food-specific developments are needed to enable widespread use of simulation technology in the food sector. First and foremost is the need to develop concise modeling frameworks (formulating various food-processing situations in mathematical models) for various classes of processes, as opposed to a custom model for each process, as mostly exists today. Deformable porous media with multiphase transport can provide such a framework, as will be discussed through examples of various processes that have been modeled by many researchers. The next critical piece is to have easy access to the properties that needed to be model. State-of-property prediction, starting from simple correlations and proceeding to multiscale modeling and thermodynamics-based and molecular dynamics, as is being pursued by researchers around the world, will be shared. Prediction beyond process to quality and safety is the third topic, where various approaches to modeling quality in a diffusion-reaction modeling framework will be presented. For safety, a practical approach that groups various food products, and thus provides an avenue to simulate safety for a large number of situations, will be shared. Finally, efforts to integrate modeling components into a novel, user-friendly software for increased use of modeling will be described.