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Erschienen in:
2017 | OriginalPaper | Buchkapitel
22. Monitoring and Instrumentation for Underground Excavation
verfasst von : Dingxiang Zou
Erschienen in: Theory and Technology of Rock Excavation for Civil Engineering
Verlag: Springer Singapore
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Abstract
All underground constructions require monitoring by direct observation or by instrumentation. In this chapter, typically used monitoring types, including ground movement, buildings, structures movement, tunnel movement, ground water movement and pressure and dynamic ground movement and air over pressure from blasting, the instrumentation and management are introduced and discussed.