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Erschienen in:
2015 | OriginalPaper | Buchkapitel
Moses Gomberg and the Nobel Prize
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Excerpt
Almost every textbook of organic chemistry tells the reader that Moses Gomberg discovered the first free radical, triphenylmethyl, in the year 1900, by allowing triphenylmethyl chloride to react with zinc metal (Fig. 1, middle) [1]. In retrospect, we can see that this was one of the most important discoveries in organic chemistry in the twentieth century: it reinstated the old, supposedly closed discussion of the existence of free radicals and paved the way for radical chemistry as we know it today, pervading many areas of theoretical, experimental, and technological chemistry [2].
Fig. 1
Sections of text from references quoted. Middle: Gomberg’s original claim regarding the free-radical nature of triphenylmethyl [1]; top: beginning of Widman’s report in 1921 [12]; bottom: beginning of Gomberg’s letter of nomination in 1935; background: Schlenk’s paper on biphenyl analogs of triphenylmethyl [4].
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